Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 16
Employment scenario in the power sector in India
Projections (in '000) in reference
case
Projections (in '000) in energy
[r]evolution
Job share
(%) in
2020
Actual jobs
in 2010 ('000)
Job share
(%) in 2010
Job share
(%) in 2020
Technology
2015
2020
2015
2020
Coal
1,142
47.5
582
467
33.97
582
467
19.35
Gas, oil and
diesel
165
6.9
156
131
9.53
156
131
5.43
Nuclear
33
1.4
39
39
2.84
8
7
0.29
Total
renewables
1,064.81
44.3
807.31
737.68
53.66
1,557.9
1,808.4
74.93
Biomass
825
34.3
654
566
41.17
754
654
27.10
Hydro
85
3.5
70
82
5.97
103
48
1.99
Wind
67
2.8
45
40
2.91
316
280
11.60
PV
77
3.2
29
45
3.27
210
292
12.10
Geothermal
0.9
0.0
0.5
0.3
0.02
8
34
1.41
Solar thermal
1.3
0.1
1
1.1
0.08
37
161
6.67
Ocean
0.01
0.0
0.01
0.08
0.01
3.9
24.4
1.01
Solar heat
5.5
0.2
7.5
2.6
0.19
109
292
12.10
Geothermal
and heat pump
3.1
0.1
0.3
0.6
0.04
17
23
0.95
Total jobs
2,404.81
100.0
1,584.31
1,374.68
100.00
2,303.9
2,413.4
100.00
Source
: Energy [r]evolution: a sustainable India energy outlook (2012)
8
Conclusion
agriculture, power infrastructure and transporta-
tion in Odisha. According to media reports, the
estimated damages could be to the tune of almost
$4.15 billion. Under such circumstances, special
efforts need to be taken to protect environment,
human life and nonrenewable natural resources
for future generations. There is dire need for
green production, green building, green energy,
green transportation and moreover a green econ-
omy. No doubt developing countries like India
are in rapid growth stage and require more energy
to sustain high growth. However, such growth
should not come at the cost of the environment
and precious human life. Moreover, exhausting
nonrenewable sources of energy could jeopardise
the life of future generations. Efforts have been
taken to promote green businesses, production,
building and transportation, but much is desirable
at a large scale. The government has been taking
major steps to improve environmental conditions
in bigger cities and industrial areas and creating
alternative and sustainable models in semi-urban
and rural areas. Energy conservation initiatives
According to the United Nation's
Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change
(IPCC), the world has a total of 2,795 gigatons
(Gt) worth of carbon in the form of fossil fuels
and reserves. Burning just 10 % of these would
take the earth over the tipping point. By 2011,
humans had already emitted 531 Gt, and by 2026
probably carbon emission could exceed 1,000 Gt.
A recent study conducted by the University of
Hawaii predicted that Indian cities like Mumbai
and Chennai will be reaching the tipping point by
2034 in the “business as usual” scenario. India is
also among the top 20 countries facing the threat
of a signifi cant economic impact brought on by
climate change (Goenka
2013
). India's economic
exposure to the impacts of extreme climate-
related events could be better understood by
Phailin in 2013 striking coastal Odisha and
Andhra Pradesh, cloudburst in Uttarakhand
(2012) and super cyclone in Odisha (1999). The
recent storm Phailin caused severe damage to
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