Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 1
Biosurfactant production by pathogenic bacterial strains
Biosurfactants
Pathogenic producers
Pathogenicity
References
Rhamnolipids
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
Cystic fi brosis, respiratory
infections, multidrug resistant
Thavasi et al. (
2011b
),
Jorfi et al. (
2013
), Kownatzi
et al. (
1987
)
Burkholderia cepacia
Lung infection, pneumonia
St Denis et al. (
2007
), Yalçin
and Ergene (
2010
)
Burkholderia
pseudomallei
Melioidosis
Andrea et al. (
2008
), Howe
et al. (
2006
)
Burkholderia plantarii
Fire blight disease of apple
and pear trees
Hörmann et al. (
2010
),
Mitchell and Teh (
2005
)
Burkholderia glumae
Rot of rice grains and
seedlings
Urakami et al. (
1994
), Costa
et al. (
2011
)
Renibacterium
salmoninarum
Bacterial kidney disease of
salmonid fi sh
Christova et al. (
2004
), Wiens
et al. (
2008
)
Glycolipids
Pantoae agglomerans
Bacteraemia, wound
infection, arthritis, infection
of soft tissues bones and
joints in children
Vasileva-Tonkova and
Geshava (
2007
), Jacobucci
et al. (
2009
), Koo et al. (
2006
)
Nocardia
otitidiscaviarum
Pulmonary nocardiosis, brain
abscess, actinomycetoma
Vyas and Dave (
2011
), Pelaez
et al. (
2009
), Chi et al. (
2013
)
Alcaligenes faecalis
Post-operative
endophthalmitis, peritonitis
Kaliaperumal et al. (
2006
),
Kahveci et al. (
2011
),
Bharali et al. (
2011
)
Trehalose mycolates
Acinetobacter
calcoaceticus
IMV
B-7241
Urinary tract infections,
respiratory tract infections,
post-operative infections
Pirog et al. (
2013
),
Pal and Kale (
1981
)
Phospholipids
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Haemorrhage/necrosis, upper
and lower respiratory tract
infections, osteomyelitis,
UTI, diarrhoea, wound
infection, meningitis,
bacteraemia, septicaemia,
ankylosing spondylitis
Jamal et al. (
2012
), Rashid
and Ebringer (
2007
), Ryan
and Ray (
2004
), Limbago
et al. (
2012
)
Lipopeptides
Serratia marcescens
Urinary tract infections,
nosocomial bacteraemia,
meningitis, endocarditis
Ibrahim et al. (
2013
),
Anyanwu et al. (
2010
),
Körner et al. (
1994
)
Inquilinus limosus
KB3
Cystic fi brosis, multidrug-
resistant lung infections
Saimmai et al. (
2013
),
Wellinghausen et al. (
2005
),
Hayes et al. (
2009
)
Heteropolysaccharides
Cronobacter sakazakii
Bacteraemia, meningitis,
necrosis, enterocolitis,
contamination of infant
formula
Lai (
2001
), Jain et al. (
2012
),
CDC (
2002
)
associated with lung infections and pneumonia in
humans of all ages (St Denis et al.
2007
).
Similarly,
B. pseudomallei
, a biosurfactant pro-
ducer (Howe et al.
2006
), is a facultative intracel-
lular pathogen, although the mechanism of its
intracellular survival is yet unknown. This patho-
gen is the causative agent of melioidosis, an infec-
tious disease endemic to Southeast Asia, northern
Australia and tropical and subtropical regions
(Andrea et al.
2008
). The di-rhamnolipids from
B.
pseudomallei
have been found to exhibit serious
cytotoxic effects on macrophages non-phagocytic
and phagocytic cell lines (Sierra
1960
; Kharazmi
et al.
1989
; Johnson and Boese-Marrazzo
1980
; Fujita et al.
1988
). Di-rhamnolipids have
also been reported to be cytolytic to human
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