Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
σ
ij
=Q
ij
(ε
ij
-α
ij
T).
(6.46)
mechanical. deformations. equal. zero. and. exist. only. in. the. thermal.
deformations.
The.hydrostatic.pressure.is.equal.in.different.directions.and.distributed.as:
pR
Q
.
ij
=
.
(6.47)
δ
We. input. in. Equation. (6.46). and. Equation. (6.47),. so. that. the. temperature.
relative.to.other.parameters.has.a.signiicance:
pR
Q
IJ
.
T
=
.
(6.48)
δα
ij
We.calculate.λ.using.parameters:.p.=.1.atmosphere.(1.kg/cm
2
);.V.=.2.×.10
10
.
sm/sec;.R.=.22.86.cm.(9”);.δ.=..95.cm;.Q
1.
=.3.56.×.10
5
.kg/sm
2
;.α1.=..0106cm/cm.
°C;.the.result.is.λ.=.78.3.nm.(see.Table 6.16).
Whenever.a.beam.crosses.a.boundary.between.two.layers.with.molecules/
polymeric. binder. and. base. coat/primer. having. different. refractive. indices,.
the.distribution.of.power.between.the.transmitted.and.relected.components.
is.determined.by.the.Fresnel.equation:
35
n - n
n + n
.
R =
2
1
..
(6.49)
2
1
4n n
n + n
2
1
T
=
.
2
.
(6.50)
(
)
2
1
where:
n
1
.and.n
2.
are.the.indices.on.each.side.of.a.boundary.
The.relected.power.per.surface.of.nose.cap.(R).and.the.transmitted.power.
per.surface.of.nose.cap.(T).are.used.as.follows:
.
ϕ
relected
=ϕ
incident
.x.R.
(6.51)
ϕ
transmitted
=ϕ
incident
.x.T.
(6.52)
where.the.symbol.ϕ.represents.power.(W).
We. assumed. that. the. absorption. of. paint. to. be. negligible.. If. the. block. of.
sensitive.paint.were.immersed.in.air,.where.a.sunbeam.had.a.refractive.index.
similar. to. optical. glass,. R. would. be. 4. percent. and. the. overall. transmitted.
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