Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Sigma 11-normal strength in x direction
Sigma 22-normal strength in y direction
Sigma 12-shear strength in 12 directions.
S12 = 34.4 (N/m*2)
S11 = 3448 (N/m*2)
S22 = 827 (N/m*2)
e surface of the equally dangerous biaxial stress
conditions for graphite/epoxy composites.
FIGURE 6.5
Biaxial.stresses.distributes.for.graphite/epoxy.composites.
TABLE 6.11
Parameters.Relationship.To.Strength.For.Graphite.Epoxy.Composites
Signiicance
c
a
d
e
Compression.zone
4.17
.40
100
103.56
Tension.zone
5.56
1.7
200
-198.8
are.points.outside.of.the.surface.of.strength..It.is.recommended.that.the.sur-
face. of. strength. be. drawn. for. all. the. biaxial. and. triaxial. stress. conditions..
The. complex. strength. values. can. be. calculated. if. we. know. all. the. thermal.
stresses.and.all.the.strength.coeficients.c,.a,.d,.e.(see.Table 6.11).
All. the. calculations. in. this. program. were. computerized. to. create. a. pro-
gram.in.C.language.
6.2.3 
Concluding Remarks
.
1.. A. methodology. for. predicting. dynamic. strength. using. the. non-
destructive. evaluation. of. aerospace. components. by. ultrasound,.
x-ray,. digital. radiography,. and. thermography. technologies. was.
established.
.
2.. Thermal. stresses. for. orthotropic. composite. structures. were. calcu-
lated.using.parameters,.which.were.found.by.ultrasound.and.ther-
mography.technologies.
.
3.. Temperature.gradients.were.calculated.using.the.approximate.solu-
tion.of.Equation.(6.27).luctuating.from.-8°C.to.-16°C..NDE.thermog-
raphy. cameras. that. can. observe. and. record. temperature. gradients.
 
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