Classical Neural Networks - Neural Networks and Micromechanics - page 12

Fig. 2.4 The robot TAIR was
controlled by a hardware-
implemented neural network
the neural network investigation. At this time, the DARPA (Defense Advanced
Research Projects Agency) project was initiated.
Around 1986, the new term “neurocomputer” appeared. Many international
conferences on neural networks, neurocomputing, and neurocomputers took place
all over the world. Hundreds of firms dedicated to neural network technology
development and production were established. For example, the neurocomputer
Mark III was built at TRW, Inc. during 1984-1985, followed by Mark IV [ 1 ]. In
1988, the firm HNC (Hecht-Nielson Corporation) produced the neurocomputer
“ANZA plus,” which can work together with PC 386, Sun. In the same year, the
neurocomputer Delta II was produced by the firm SAIC.
In the department of network system of information processing, at the Institute
of Cybernetics, Kiev, Ukraine, the first neurocomputer “NIC” was created in
1988-1989 [ 32 , 33 ] under the direction of Ernst Kussul. This neurocomputer is
presented in Fig. 2.5 . It was built on a domestic element base and was a personal
computer add-on. Kussul put forward and analyzed a new neural network paradigm,
which enabled the creation of neuron-like structures. These structures are known as
associative-projective neuron-like networks [ 34 - 36 ].
After that, in 1991-1992, the Ukrainian-Japanese team created a new neuro-
computer that used a more advanced element base. It was named “B-512,” and it is
presented in Fig. 2.6 . Kussul and his collaborators and disciples Tatiana Baidyk,
Dmitrij Rachkovskij, Mikhail Kussul, and Sergei Artykutsa participated in the
neurocomputer development together with the Japanese investigators from
“WACOM,” Sadao Yamomoto, Masao Kumagishi, and Yuji Katsurahira.