Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
RUMEX VERTICILLATUS
LINNAEUS
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Polygonaceae
Common name: Swamp dock
Distribution: United States, Mexico, Canada, Europe
Habitat: Edges of pools and streams, swamps, marshes, roadside ditches
Description: This perennial unbranched plant, which grows to 1.5 m, has a
central green to reddish green stem. The leaves (30 × 5 cm) are alternately
arranged. The inlorescence is of one to four whorled racemes of greenish
lowers, and each raceme is 30 cm long.
Compounds and activities: The bioactive compounds isolated from this spe-
cies include 1-O-β- D- glucopyranosyl chrysophanal and 1- O- β- D- gluco-
pyranosyl emodin (Kang et al.,
1997). The methanol extracts of seeds of
this species possess antimicrobial activities against
Staphylococcus aureus
,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
,
Escherichia coli
, and
Candida albicans
. The
phenolic compounds and tannins isolated from this species have, however,
shown antioxidant properties. The antioxidant activity of the seeds of this
species has been tested using trolox extract (TE), and the value recorded
was 123,423 µm TE (Borchardt et al.,
2009).
O
CH
2
OH
OH
OH
OO
O
HO
O
O
OH
HO
HO
HO
O
OH
HO
Me
HO
H
OH
O
1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl chrysophanal
1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl emodin
