Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
NOSTOC SPONGIAEFORME C. AGARDH, 1824
Phylum: Cyanobacteria
Class: Cyanophyceae
Order: Nostocales
Family: Nostocaceae
Distribution: Europe, Central Asia
Habitat: Freshwater habitats, rice ields
Description: The colonies of this species are initially spherical, and later they
expand and develop into humps. The ilaments, which are blue-green or
brownish, are luxuous and loosely entangled.
Compounds and activities: The extract of this species has shown antimicro-
bial properties. The values of inhibition zone diameter (mm) for the bacte-
rial species, S. epidermidis , S. aureus , S. haemolyticus , P. vulgaris , and
S. sonnei , were found to be 21, 22, 15, 17, and 19, respectively. The val-
ues for the fungal species, C. krusei , C. albicans , A. niger , A. fumigatus ,
and C. neoformans , were 9, 10, 8, 6, and 9 mm, respectively (Ramamurthy
et al., 2012). The bioactive compound isolated from this species, viz., boro-
phycin, is cytotoxic acting against human epidermoid carcinoma (Lovo)
and colorectal adenocarcinoma (KB) cell lines.
HAPALOSIPHON WELWITSCHII WEST & C.S. WEST, 1897
Phylum: Cyanobacteria Class: Cyanophyceae
Order: Nostocales Family: Hapalosiphonaceae
Distribution: Australia, New Zealand, Africa, Vietnam
Habitat: Rice ields, swamps, lakes
Description: The thallus of this species is free and forms coiled ilamentous
clusters attached to the substrate. The ilaments of this species are irregu-
larly arcuated with uniseriate trichomes. The cells are cylindrical, and the
heterocysts, which are intercalary, are also cylindrical.
Compounds and activities: The extract of this species has been found to pos-
sess antibacterial activities. The values of inhibition zone diameter (mm)
for the bacterial species, S. epidermidis , S. aureus , S. haemolyticus , P. vul-
garis , and S. sonnei , were found to be 20, 21, 17, 19, and 18, respectively.
The extract of this species containing bioactive compound welwistatin has
shown antifungal properties. The values of inhibition zone diameter for the
fungal species, C. krusei , C. albicans , A. niger , A. fumigatus , and C. neo-
formans , were found to be 10, 9, 6, 4, and 9 mm, respectively (Ramamurthy
et al., 2012). The bioactive compound hapalosin (cyclic depsipeptide) isolated
from this species has shown reversing activity against multidrug resistance
(MDR), and it has direct applications as a drug delivery system. Further,
this compound has also shown cytotoxic activity (Singh et al., 2005).
Search WWH ::




Custom Search