Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Description: This species, which shows olive-green, bright blue, green, or
grayish coloration, forms rectangular mucilaginous blocks. The trichomes
(3 × 11 µm) are straight or bent and are distinctly constricted at cross walls.
The apical cells are lattened, slightly capitates, or wart-like.
Compounds and activities: The extracts of this species have sanctolide A
(a 14-membered PK- NRP- hybrid macrolide) ( N- methyl enamide and
2-hydroxy isovaleric acid) as the bioactive compound, which possesses
antimicrobial properties (Kang et al.,
2012).
PLANKTOTHRIX RUBESCENS
(DE CANDOLLE EX GOMONT)
ANAGNOSTIDIS & KOMAREK, 1988 (=
OSCILLATORIA RUBESCENS
)
Phylum: Cyanobacteria Class: Cyanophyceae
Order: Oscillatoriales Family: Phormidiaceae
Distribution: Southeast Asia, Southwest Asia, Australia, New Zealand,
South America
Habitat: Freshwater habitats, lakes
Description: The blooms of this species may show distinctive red color. The
cells, which may attach end to end, may form ilaments of several milli-
meters in length. Gas vesicles are found to occupy the whole cell volume.
The trichomes (5-10 µm wide) are reddish or pinkish red. Apical cells are
narrow with triangular calyptra.
Compounds and activities: The extracts of this species contain saturated and
unsaturated fatty acids at 82 and 13%. The active ingredients in the extract
are piperazine and spermine, which possess antimicrobial activities. The
inhibitory activities shown by this species relate to
E. coli
,
B. subtilis
,
Staphylococcus albus
,
S. faecalis
, and
Candida albicans
.
The values of inhi-
bition zone diameter (mm) for these microbial species were 18, 14, 12, 13,
and 17, respectively (Shanab, 2007). Further, the bioactive compounds iso-
lated from this species, viz., planktopeptin BL 1125, BL 843, and BL 1061,
have been reported to be protease, elastase, and chymotrypsin inhibitors.
PHORMIDIUM AUTUMNALE
(C. AGARDH) GOMONT, 1892
