Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
CAREX FOLLICULATA LINNAEUS
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Cyperales
Family: Cyperaceae
Common name: Northern long sedge
Distribution: Newfoundland, Quebec, Florida
Habitat: Meadows, swamps, edges of ponds
Description: This perennial species grows to more than 1 m. The leaves are
5-15 mm wide and are yellowish green to light green. While the terminal
spike is staminate and peduncled, the pistillate spike is erect and subglobose.
Compounds and activities: The compounds isolated from this species include
pallidol, kobophenol A, isoorientin, luteolin, quercetin, 3-O-methyl querce-
tin, and rutin. They possess antioxidant antibacterial and cytotoxic proper-
ties. The antioxidant activities of lavonoid compounds isoorientin, luteolin,
quercetin, 3-O-methyl quercetin, and rutin showed IC 50 values ranging from
50 to 200 µm, which were comparable to that of ascorbic acid (IC 50 = 60 µm)
and superior to those of the resveratrol derivatives (compounds pallidol and
kobophenol A) (IC 50 = >1,000 µm) and butylated hydroxyl toluene (IC 50 =
1,500 µm), a commercial antioxidant. In the cytotoxicity and antibacterial
assays compound luteolin (IC 50 for human colon, 116 = 45 µm) and that
shown in the structure of chanoclavine on page 159 (IC 50 for methicillin-
resistant Staphylococcus aureus = 6.4 µm) were the most active, respec-
tively. Considering these, the bioactive compounds of this species may be
useful for nutraceutical purposes (Li et al., 2009).
OH
O
OCH 3
OH
HO
O
OH
3-O-methyl quercetin
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