Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
HYGRORYZA ARISTATA
(RETZ) NEES EX WIGHT & ARN.
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Common name: Water grass
Distribution: China, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Southeast Asia, India
Habitat: Swamps, wet grounds
Description: It is a glabrous loating grass growing to a maximum height of
only 4 cm. The stem is spongy with feathery whorled roots at the nodes.
Leaves (8 cm long) are linear or ovate-oblong, and obtuse panicles are 5 cm
long. Spikelets are very narrow and 20 mm long.
Compounds and activities: This species contains important anti-inlammatory
and antioxidant compounds such as (7S,8R,7R,8S)-1 cariol A
2
-9-O-β-
xylopyranoside (lignin), hygarine (indole alkaloid), (-)-epigallocatechin-3-
O-gallate, and epicatechin-3-O-gallate. Among them, the compounds below
showed free radical scavenging activities and compound (7S,8R,7R,8S)-1
cariol A
2
-9-O-β-xylopyranoside inhibited superoxide anion generation and
elastase release by fMLP/CB-induced human neutrophils with IC
50
values
of 19.33 ± 0.86 and 24.14 ± 1.59 µM, respectively (Chung et al., 2011).
OH
OH
HO
HO
O
O
OH
OH
HO
O
O
OH
HO
OH
HO
O
O
HO
HO
OH
OH
epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate
epicatechin-3-O-gallate
