Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
virus (EBV) (Nakamura et al., 1996). Its lavonoids, triterpenoids, and tan-
nins have shown hepatoprotective activity in carbon tetrachloride-induced
rats. Further, this species has also exhibited the highest antioxidant activity
(13.1 mg BHA-butylhydroxyanisol-equivalent/g dry weight). The juice of
its stem and roots is used in traditional medicines for treating yellow fever
and Guinea worm infection.
ALISMA ORIENTALIS
(SAM) JUZEP
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Alismatales
Family: Alismataceae
Common name: Oriental water plantain
Distribution: Europe, Middle East, Egypt, China
Habitat: Damp ground and shallow water
Description: It is a perennial loating or submerged plant that grows to a maxi-
mum height of 120 cm. The leaf stalk is unbranched with a single leaf that
has a prominent vest. The three petaled hermaphrodite lowers are white,
pink, or green and are in clusters in whorls of 3 to 10. The plants regrow by
their bulbous bases.
Compounds and activities: The bioactive compounds isolated from this species
possess antidiabetic (antihyperglycemic), antihepatitive, and antidiuretic
properties. The rhizomes of this species contain triterpenoid alisol O, ali-
sol A-24 acetate, 25-anhydroalisol A, 13β, 17β-epoxyalisol A, alisol B-23-
acetate, alisol, and alisol F 24 acetate. Except alisol O, all other compounds
showed inhibitory activity
in vitro
on hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface
antigen (HBs Ag) secretion of the Hep G2.2.15 cell line with IC
50
values
of 2.3, 11.0, 15.4, 14.3, 0.6, and 7.7 µm, respectively, and on HBVe anti-
gen (HBe Ag) secretion with IC
50
values of 498.1, 17.6, 41.0, 19.9, 8.5, and
5.1 µm, respectively (Jiang et al., 2006). The triterpenes, alisol M 23-ace-
tate and alisol A 23-acetate, of this species have shown antihyperglycemic
