Question-Answering for Agricultural Open Data - Transactions on Large-Scale Data-and Knowledge-Centered Systems - page 18

knowledge by LOD, which allows flexible schemas based on the premise of their
alignment using ontologies such as OWL. Figure 1 presents an overview of the
Plant Cultivation LOD, where each plant is an instance of the “Plant” class of
DBpedia[ 7 ] to which we refer as a base. DBpedia is a Linked Open Data dataset
extracted from part of Wikipedia content. DBpedia is well known throughout the
world. By September 2011, DBpedia had grown to 31 billion Resource Descrip-
tion Framework (RDF) triples. DBpedia has already defined more than 10,000
plants as types of the Plant class and its subclasses such as “FloweringPlant”,
“Moss” and “Fern”. In addition, we defined 104 plants, mainly species native
to Japan. Each plant of the Plant class has almost 300 Properties, but most of
them are biologically inherited from “Thing”, “Species” and “Eukaryote”. Thus,
we added 67 properties to represent necessary attributes for plant cultivation.
In terms of the LOD Schemas for logging the work, we prepared Properties
mainly for recording dates of flowering, fertilizing, and harvesting. The LOD is
written in RDF, and currently stored in a cloud DB, DYDRA, whose SPARQL
(SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language) endpoint is open to the public.
The following listing is a snippet of the LOD in N3 notation, where the first
column indicates a property name, and the second column is a brief description
of the property.

@prefix dbpedia-owl: <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
@prefix dbpprop: <http://dbpedia.org/property/>
@prefix gtcprop: <http://www.uec.ac.jp/gtc/property/>

<http://dbpedia.org/resource/basil> a dbpedia-owl:Plant;
rdfs:subClassOf depedia-owl:Eukaryote;

rdfs:label "Japanese name", "English name";

dbpprop:regionalOrigins "Asia";

rdfs:comment "Basil, or Sweet Basil, is a common name for

...";
foaf:page "reference page (url)";

foaf:depiction "picture (url)";

gtcprop:priceValue "market price";

# For cultivation knowledge
gtcprop:sunlight "degree of illuminance";

gtcprop:perennial 'true' | 'false';

gtcprop:difficulty "cultivation difficulty";

gtcprop:soil "type of soil";

gtcprop:lowestTemperature "MIN temperature for growth";

gtcprop:highestTemperature "MAX temperature for growth;

gtcprop:wateringAmount "degree of watering";

gtcprop:plantingMonth "start month for planting";

gtcprop:plantingMonthEnd "end month for planting";

gtcprop:flowerMonth "start month of blooming";

gtcprop:flowerMonthEnd "end month of blooming";

gtcprop:fertilizingAmount "degree of fertilization";

gtcprop:fertilizingMonth "season of fertilization";

gtcprop:fertilizingElement "chemical elements of fertilization";

gtcprop:pruningMonth "season for pruning";

gtcprop:pruningWay "method of pruning";

gtcprop:fruitMonth "season of harvesting";

# For disease and pest
gtcprop:hasWhiteSpot "possible reason for the case (wikipedia uri)";

gtcprop:hasBlackSpot "possible reason for the case (wikipedia uri)";

gtcprop:hasBrownSpot "possible reason for the case (wikipedia uri)";