Biotechnology of Fruit Quality - Fruit Ripening: Physiology, Signalling and Genomics - page 278

Promoter
expression Transgene Metabolic reaction or function Metabolic phenotype Reference(s)

CaMV 35S (OE) n Trans -resveratrol (48.48 mg kg -1 fresh weight); n
trans -piceid (126.58 mg kg -1 fresh weight); 2-fold
p rutin, 2.4-fold p naringenin; seedless fruit

Stilbene synthase ( StSy ) ( Vitis
vinifera )

Malonyl-CoA and p -coumaroyl-
CoA o resveratrol

Giovinazzo et al.
(2005); Nicoletti et
al. (2007)

Stilbene synthase ( StSy ) ( V.
vinifera )

As above TomLoxB (OE) n Resveratrol, trans -resveratrol and piceid D'Introno et al.

(2009)

Stilbene synthase ( STS ) ( V.
vinifera )

As above CaMV d35S

(OE)

n Stilbenes (resveratrol and piceid); n naringenin
chalcone and rutin

Schijlen et al. (2006)

Chalcone synthase ( Chs1 )
( Solanum lycopersicum )

Phenylpropanoids o chalcones CaMV d35S

(RNAi)

p Total fl avonoid; parthenocarpic fruit

Schijlen et al. (2007)

Chalcone isomersae ( Chi-A )
( Petunia hybrida )

Chalcones o fl avanones CaMV d35S

(OE)

78-fold n peel fl avonols, mainly due to n rutin Muir et al. (2001)

Chalcone synthase ( Chs1 ) ( P.
hybrida ) + chalcone
reductase ( CHR ) ( Medicago
sativa )

Phenylpropanoids o chalcones +
Phenylpropanoids o
deoxychalcones

CaMV 35S (OE) n Butein and isoliquiritigenin; n naringenin chalcone
and rutin

Schijlen et al. (2006)

Chalcone isomerase ( CHI ) ( P.
hybrida ) + fl avone synthase
( CYP93B2 ) ( Gerbera hybrida )

Chalcones o fl avanones +
fl avanones o fl avones

CaMV 35S (OE) 16-fold n rutinfl avonol n luteolin-7-glucoside,
luteolinaglycon, quercetin glycosides, naringenin
chalcone and rutin

Schijlen et al. (2006)

Isofl avone synthase ( IFS2 )
( Glycine max )

Naringenin o genistein CaMV 35S (OE) n Genistin in leaves; only marginal increase in fruit

peel; n naringenin chalcone in fruit peel

Shih et al. (2008)

LC ( LC ) ( Zea mays ) LC, a member of maize R gene

family of MYC-type TFs,
determines the tissue-specifi c
expression of anthocyanin in
maize

CaMV 35S (OE) n Anthocyanins in all vegetative tissues but to a
lesser extent in green fruit

Goldsbrough et al.
(1996)

C1 ( C1 )+ LC ( LC ) ( Z. mays ) MYB-type C1 and MYC-type LC

are TFs required for production
of anthocyanin in plants

E8 or CaMV
d35S (OE)

Induced fl avonoid synthesis in fruit fl esh; 10-fold n
total fl avonoids; 20-fold n total fl avonol, mainly
due to n kaempferol

Bovy et al. (2002)

RP ( Myc-rp ) ( Perilla frutescens ) Myc-like TF regulating

anthocyanin biosynthesis

CaMV 35S (OE) n Anthocyanin in vegetative tissues and fl owers Gong et al. (1999)

Delila ( Del ) ( Antirrhinum majus ) Myc TFs that activate biosynthesis

of anthocyanin

CaMV 35S (OE) n Anthocyanins in mature leaves (23-fold), corolla
(40-fold) and stamen (50-fold) but none in fruit

Mooney et al. (1995)