Biotechnology of Fruit Quality - Fruit Ripening: Physiology, Signalling and Genomics - page 274

Promoter
expression Transgene Metabolic reaction or function Metabolic phenotype Reference

3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl CoA
reductase ( HMGR-1 ) ( Arabidopsis
thaliana )

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA
o mevalonic acid

CaMV 35S (OE) 2.4-fold n total phytosterol; no change in

lycopene or E -carotene

Enfi ssi et al. (2005)

1-Deoxy-D-xyluose-5-phosphate
synthase ( DXS ) ( Escherichia coli )

Pyruvate and D -glyceraldehyde-3-
phosphate o 1-deoxy- D -
xylulose-5-phosphate synthase

CaMV 35S or
fi brillin (OE)

1.6-fold n carotenoids; 2.4-fold n
phytoene; 2.2-fold n E -carotene

Enfi ssi et al. (2005)

Phytoene synthase ( crtB ) ( Erwinia
uredovora )

Geranyldiphosphate o phytoene SlPG (OE) 2.4-fold n phytoene; 1.8-fold n lycopene;

2.2-fold n E -carotene

Fraser et al. (2002)

Phytoene synthase ( psy-1 ) ( Solanum
lycopersicum )

As above CaMV 35S (OE) 1.2-fold n total carotenoids; 1.3-fold n

E -carotene; 2.3-fold n phytoene; 1.8-
fold phytofl uene

Fraser et al. (2007)

Phytoene synthase ( psy-1 ) ( S.
lycopersicum )

As above CaMV 35S (OE) n lycopene (386 μg g -1 dry weight); p

plant height; 30-fold p GA 1

Fray et al. (1995)

Phytoenedesaturase ( crtI ) ( E.
uredovora )

Phytoene o] - carotene CaMV 35S (OE) 3-fold nE -carotene; no effect on total

carotenoids: reduction in lycopene and
phytoene; no effect on plant growth
and development

Römer et al. (2000)

Lycopene E -cyclase ( SpB ) ( Solanum
pennellii )

Lycopene o E -carotene,
G -carotene oD -carotene

CaMV 35S (OE) >6-fold n E -carotene; 1.8-fold p lycopene Ronen et al. (2000)

Lycopene E -cyclase ( SpB ) ( S.
pennellii )

As above CaMV 35S (AS) >6-fold pE -carotene; slight n lycopene Ronen et al. (2000)

Lycopene E -cyclase ( Lyc-b ) ( S.
lycopersicum )

As above CaMV 35iS (OE) 31.7-fold n E -carotene at the expense of

lycopene; no morphological and
developmental defects

D'Ambrosio et al. (2004)

Lycopene E -cyclase ( E -Lcy ) ( A.
thaliana )

As above SlPds (OE) >6-fold n E -carotene; no change in

lycopene

Rosati et al. (2000)

Lycopene E -cyclase ( E -Lcy ) ( S.
lycopersicum )

As above SlPds (AS) 1.3-fold n lycopene; 1.7-fold n lutein;

50% p E - lycopene expression

Rosati et al. (2000)

Lycopene E -cyclase ( Lycb-1 ) ( Citrus ) As above CaMV 35S (OE) 4.1-fold n E -carotene; 30% n total

carotenoids

Guo et al. (2012)

Lycopene E -cyclase ( crtY ) ( E.
herbicola ) or ( carRA ) ( Phycomyces
blakesleeanus )

As above atpI (OE) 4-fold n E -carotene; slight p lycopene and

total carotenoids

Wurbs et al. (2007)