Vitamins in Fleshy Fruits - Fruit Ripening: Physiology, Signalling and Genomics - page 129

Table 8.1. Main vitamins in fruits: usual names, active forms, some fruit sources, content and recommended
daily allowance (RDA). Data from the US Department of Agriculture (http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/
foodcomp/search).

Fruit
content
(per 100 g)

Vitamin/
common name

Metabolic forms (present
in plants)

Main fruit
sources RDA

Vitamin A/retinol E -carotene,
E -cryptoxanthin

Passion fruit
Mango
Guava
Apple
Tomato

907 RE
476 RE
309 RE
30 RE
5 RE

Children 400-700 μg RE,
adult males 1000 μg RE,
adult females 800 μg RE,
lactating females 1200 μg
RE

Vitamin E/
tocopherol,
tocotrienol

D -Tocopherol Avocado

Mango
Guava
Kiwifruit

4.16 mg
2.32 mg
1.2 mg
1.01 mg

Children 6-11 mg, most
adults 22.5 mg

Vitamin K/
phylloquinone

2-Methyl-3-phytyl-1,4-
naphtoquinone

Avocado
Blueberry
Kiwifruit
Tomato
Mango

0.42 mg
0.03 mg
0.03 mg
0.01 mg
0.01 mg

Children 30-40 μg, adult
males 70-80 μg, adult
females 60-65 μg

Vitamin B1/
thiamin

Thiamine pyrophosphate,
thiamine triphosphate

Breadfruit
Avocado
Mango
Orange
Guava

0.24 mg
0.13 mg
0.12 mg
0.11 mg
0.11 mg

Children 0.6-0.9 mg, adult
males 1.2 mg, adult
females 1.1 mg, lactating
females 1.5 mg

Vitamin B2/
ribofl avin

Flavine mononucleotide,
fl avine adenine
dinucleotide

Passion fruit
Avocado
Mango
Banana

0.31 mg
0.26 mg
0.12 mg
0.09 mg

Children 0.6-0.9 mg, adult
males 1.2 mg, adult
females 1.1 mg, lactating
females 1.5 mg

Vitamin B3/
niacin
(nicotinic acid,
nicotinamide)

Nicotinamide adenine
dinucleotide,
nicotinamide adenine
dinucleotide phosphate

Passion fruit
Avocado
Breadfruit
Guava
Mango

3.54 mg
3.49 mg
1.98 mg
1.79 mg
1.21 mg

Children 9-16 mg, adult
males 16 mg, adult females
14 mg, lactating females
18 mg

Vitamin B5/
panthothenate

Panthothenate Avocado

Breadfruit
Guava

2.79 mg
1.05 mg
0.74 mg

Children 2-4 mg, adults
5 mg, lactating females
6-7 mg

Vitamin B6/
pyridoxine

Pyridoxine phosphate,
pyridoxamine
phosphate, pyridoxal
phosphate

Avocado
Banana
Passion
fruit
Mango

0.52 mg
0.43 mg
0.24 mg
0.23 mg

Children 0.6-1.3 mg, adults
1.3-1.7 mg, lactating
females 2 mg

Vitamin B9/
folates

Tetrahydrofolates Avocado

Guava
Strawberry

0.16 mg
0.08 mg
0.03 mg

Children 45-50 mg, adults
60 mg, lactating females
95 mg

Vitamin C/
ascorbate

Ascorbic acid,
dehydroascorbic acid

Guava
Strawberry
Orange
Kiwifruit
Mango
Tomato

376.7 mg
84.7 mg
69.7 mg
63.8 mg
57.3 mg
30 mg

Children 40-75 mg, adult
males 90 mg, adult females
75 mg, lactating females
120 mg

RE, Retinol equivalent. 1 RE = 1 P g retinol, 2 P g E -carotene dissolved in oil.