Environmental Engineering Reference
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indicated as inactivation, mutagenesis or photochemical injury, reflect the UV
sensitivity of DNA.
For assessing the applicability of a biological UV dosimeter, photobiological as
well as radiometric criteria have to be met. If radiometrically properly characterized,
there is a broad scope of applications of biological UV dosimeters, which include the
determination of (i) long-term trends of biologically effective solar radiation; (ii) the
contribution of the UV-B range to the BED; (iii) the sensitivity of the biologically
effective solar irradiance to ozone; (iii) vertical attenuation coefficient of biologically
effective solar irradiance in natural waters; (iv) UV tolerance and protection
mechanisms; (v) the individual UV exposure of specific professional groups.
Acknowledgements.
This work was supported by grants from the European
Commission and the German Ministries of Research BMBF and Environment BMU.
The work is based on cooperation with scientists from the following organizations:
(i) characterization and intercomparison of biological dosimeters: Laboratory for
Biophysics, HAS, Budapest; Inst. d'Aéronomie Spatiale, Brussels; Laboratory
Atmospheric Physics, Thessaloniki; Inst. Medical Physics, Veterinary Univ. Vienna;
Inst. Sci. & Technology, Univ. Manchester; National Cancer Center Research Inst.
Tokyo; Inst. Physics, NAS, Kiev; Inst. Suisse de Rech. Exp. Cancer, Lausanne; JOBO
Labortechnik, Gummerbach; Gigahertz-Optik, Puchheim; Fraunhofer Inst. Atmos. Res.
Garmisch-Partenkirchen; Inst. Meteorol. & Climatology, Univ. Hannover; GSF,
Neuherberg; Okazaki Large Spectrograph; (ii) personal dosimetry: Dermatology, Techn.
Univ. Dresden; Dermatology, University Köln; CIE, TC6-53 Personal dosimetry of UV
radiation; (iii) comparison of bioindicators: Inst. Botany & Pharm. Biol. Univ. Erlangen;
Zoological Inst. Univ. München; Botanical Inst. Univ. Freiburg; (iv) UV-monitoring:
BAS, Cambridge; AWI, Bremerhaven; INTA, Madrid.
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