Evaluating the Affective Dimension in Chemistry Education - Affective Dimensions in Chemistry Education - page 41

in each item is unbiased, (4) the format of the instrument is attractive to be read,
(5) the guidelines on how to complete the instrument are clear, and (6) the number
of items and/or the length of statement is appropriate so that the learner does not
feel bored to answer the instrument.
The review process should be conducted by a panel of experts. Sometimes the
review process can be conducted by a panel of colleagues, especially when there is
a need to consider whether the language and format of the instrument is suitable for
the level of learners.
The length of the instrument is related to the problem of boredom in responding
to the items in the instruments. The length of time to respond to the instruments
should be no more than 30 min.
The first step in writing a question/statement is to determine what information
the researcher/teacher wants to obtain, the structure of the question/statement, and
the choice of vocabulary. A question/statement proposed should be unbiased and
not directing the respondent to a certain positive or negative choice.
Results of the review process are used to improve the instrument. Improvements
are made to the construction of the instrument, i.e., the sentences used, the time it
takes to complete the instrument, how to respond to the instrument, and the type
setting.
6. Assembling the Instrument
After modifying the instrument, the next step involves assembling the instrument,
specifying the format of the layout of the instrument and the order of questions/
statements. The format of the instrument should be made interesting and not too
long, so that respondents are interested in reading and responding to the items. The
questions/statements are sorted in accordance with the level of ease in answering.
7. Trialing the Instrument
After assembling the self-report instrument, a teacher/researcher trials out it with
the respondents. The respondents can be students, teachers, or parents of students
depending on the purpose of the instrument. The respondents should be chosen to
represent the characteristics of the population assessed. If the researcher wants to
assess high school students, the trial sample should also be high school students.
The size of the sample should be at least 30 students from one or more high schools.
At the time of the test, some notes need to be considered, such as the clarity of
guidelines for completing the instrument, the clarity of the sentences being used,
and the time required to complete the instrument. Since the self-report instrument is
not a test, the time to complete the instrument should not be restricted. However, it
is better to limit the time to about 30 min to obtain the best results.