Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 2. GFAP immunohistochemistry in hippocampus of rat brain. ( a ) Micrograph (×20 magnifi cation) illustrating GFAP-IHC
in the dentate gyrus region of the hippocampus from an adult rat. GFAP-immunoreactive astrocytes ( arrows, green cells )
are clearly visible throughout the hippocampus. ( b ) Micrograph (×20 magnifi cation) demonstrating labeling of GFAP-
immunopositive astrocytes ( green ) with labeling of NeuN-immunopositive ( red ) neuronal cell bodies. Note the neuronal cell
bodies in the polymorphic layer (PoDG) and in the granular cell layer (GrDG) of the dentate gyrus ( arrow heads ). Micrographs
were provided by E.J. West of the University of California, Davis.
Acknowledgments
The author would like to acknowledge the detailed work of E.J.
West in providing micrographs used in Fig. 2 and in optimization
of tissue preparation and IHC protocols. Also, the author acknowl-
edges T.A. Niedzielko for critical reading of the manuscript.
References
1. Floyd CL, Lyeth BG (2007) Astroglia: important
mediators of traumatic brain injury. Prog Brain
Res 161:61-79
2. Sofroniew MV (2009) Molecular dissection of
reactive astrogliosis and glial scar formation.
Trends Neurosci 32:638-647
3. Halassa MM, Haydon PG (2010) Integrated
brain circuits: astrocytic networks modulate
neuronal activity and behavior. Annu Rev
Physiol 72:335-355
4. Chvatal A, Anderova M, Neprasova H,
Prajerova I, Benesova J, Butenko O, Verkhratsky
A (2008) Pathological potential of astroglia.
Physiol Res 57(Suppl 3):S101-S110
5. Eng LF, Ghirnikar RS, Lee YL (2000) Glial
fi brillary acidic protein: GFAP-thirty-one years
(1969-2000). Neurochem Res 25:1439-1451
6. Pekny M, Nilsson M (2005) Astrocyte activa-
tion and reactive gliosis. Glia 50:427-434
7. Hoke A, Silver J (1994) Heterogeneity among
astrocytes in reactive gliosis. Perspect Dev
Neurobiol 2:269-274
8. White RE, McTigue DM, Jakeman LB (2010)
Regional heterogeneity in astrocyte responses
following contusive spinal cord injury in mice.
J Comp Neurol 518:1370-1390
9. Bushong EA, Martone ME, Jones YZ, Ellisman
MH (2002) Protoplasmic astrocytes in CA1
stratum radiatum occupy separate anatomical
domains. J Neurosci 22:183-192
10. Ogata K, Kosaka T (2002) Structural and
quantitative analysis of astrocytes in the mouse
hippocampus. Neuroscience 113:221-233
11. Oberheim NA, Tian GF, Han X, Peng W,
Takano T, Ransom B, Nedergaard M (2008)
Loss of astrocytic domain organization in the
epileptic brain. J Neurosci 28:3264-3276
12. Becher OJ, Hambardzumyan D, Fomchenko
EI, Momota H, Mainwaring L, Bleau AM,
Katz AM, Edgar M, Kenney AM, Cordon-
Cardo C, Blasberg RG, Holland EC (2008) Gli
activity correlates with tumor grade in platelet-
derived growth factor-induced gliomas. Cancer
Res 68:2241-2249
13. Amankulor NM, Hambardzumyan D,
Pyonteck SM, Becher OJ, Joyce JA, Holland
EC (2009) Sonic hedgehog pathway activation
is induced by acute brain injury and regulated
Search WWH ::




Custom Search