Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
to assess, diagnosis, evaluate, educate, and intervene before com-
plications take hold. Sometimes, patients can seem to be getting
better, with the hope of the family rising. Normally, the clinical
teams will warn and educate the family that they are “not out of
the woods” yet because of delayed complications, such as vasos-
pasm. Even when informed this second stroke (as often perceived
by the family) is a second emotional tragedy. Therefore, for
caregivers and family members the more information available for
evaluating subarachnoid hemorrhage the better forearmed they
will be when preparing for and making decisions concerning the
patient. Consistent with the pathos theme, there are few emotions
as intense as those of a family member watching helplessly as a
loved one clings to life and loses that battle.
5. Conclusion
In this discussion, an argument has been put forward to improve
and develop biochemical and molecular methodologies for evalu-
ating subarachnoid hemorrhage. The logos in support of this is
that the chemical and molecular environment in the brain will be
refl ected in spinal fl uid and blood samples from these patients. The
ethos, theme and expertise, is that molecular and biochemical fam-
ilies represent the chemical environment involved in the pathology
postsubarachnoid hemorrhage. Because the subarachnoid hemor-
rhage patient has a treatment window of opportunity following the
hemorrhage where decline can be prevented and improvements
can be made represents there is time for the physician and family to
make important decisions concerning patient management. Finally,
technologies for identifying biochemical, chemical, and molecular
species or families quickly are expanding rapidly and what is
needed is a codifi ed strategy to make use of voluminous data that
a physician—caregiver can use.
References
1. Clark JF, Sharp FR (2006) Bilirubin oxidation
products (BOXes) and their role in cerebral
vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 8:8
2. Schulz R, Krueger C, Manickavel V, Steele JA,
Cook DA (1993) Production of 15-HETE by
cultured smooth muscle cells from cerebral
artery. Pharmacology 46:211-223
3. Bennett PR, Elder MG, Myatt L (1987) The
effects of lipoxygenase metabolites of arachi-
donic acid on human myometrial contractility.
Prostaglandins 33:837-844
4. Nakamura T, Bratton DL, Murphy RC (1997)
Analysis of epoxyeicosatrienoic and monohy-
droxyeicosatetraenoic acids esterifi ed to phos-
pholipids in human red blood cells by
electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. J Mass
Spectrom 32:888-896
5. McGirt MJ, Parra A, Sheng H, Higuchi Y,
Oury TD, Laskowitz DT, Pearlstein RD,
Warner DS (2002) Attenuation of cerebral
vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage in
mice overexpressing extracellular superoxide
dismutase. Stroke 33:2317-2323
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