Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
prior to acquiring image stacks. In some OGD experiments, slice
swelling is accompanied by a generally reduced GFP fl uorescence,
likely involving changes in the optical properties of the tissue but
not involving photobleaching or laser damage. Therefore, experi-
ments with a faded fi eld should be excluded from analysis.
Sometimes, cells even shift out of register in 2D space as a result of
rotation, precluding their analysis.
References
1. Kraig RP, Nicholson C (1978) Extracellular
ionic variations during spreading depression.
Neuroscience 3(11):1045-1059
2. Windmuller O, Lindauer U, Foddis M,
Einhaupl KM, Dirnagl U, Heinemann U et al
(2005) Ion changes in spreading ischaemia
induce rat middle cerebral artery constriction
in the absence of NO. Brain 128(Pt
9):2042-2051
3. Dietz RM, Weiss JH, Shuttleworth CW (2008)
Zn 2+ infl ux is critical for some forms of spread-
ing depression in brain slices. J Neurosci
28(32):8014-8024
4. Leao AAP (1947) Further observation on the
spreading depression of activity in the cerebral
cortex. J Neurophysiol 10:409-414
5. Somjen GG (2004) Ions in the brain: normal
function, seizures, and stroke. Oxford
University Press, New York, NY
6. Dreier JP, Woitzik J, Fabricius M, Bhatia R,
Major S, Drenckhahn C et al (2006) Delayed
ischaemic neurological defi cits after subarach-
noid haemorrhage are associated with clusters
of
extracellular K+ concentration reduces the
effi cacy of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor
antagonists to block spreading depression-like
depolarizations and spreading ischemia. Stroke
36(6):1270-1277
12. Petzold GC, Haack S, Bohlen Und HO, Priller
J, Lehmann TN, Heinemann U et al (2008)
Nitric oxide modulates spreading depolariza-
tion threshold in the human and rodent cortex.
Stroke 39(4):1292-1299
13. Jensen MS, Azouz R, Yaari Y (1994) Variant
fi ring patterns in rat hippocampal pyramidal
cells modulated by extracellular potassium.
J Neurophysiol 71(3):831-839
14. Konnerth A, Heinemann U, Yaari Y (1986)
Nonsynaptic epileptogenesis in the mammalian
hippocampus in vitro. I. Development of sei-
zurelike activity in low extracellular calcium.
J Neurophysiol 56(2):409-423
15. Wang T, Wang J, Cottrell JE, Kass IS (2004)
Small physiologic changes in calcium and mag-
nesium alter excitability and burst fi ring of CA1
pyramidal cells in rat hippocampal slices.
J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 16(3):201-209
16. Bak IJ, Misgeld U, Weiler M, Morgan E (1980)
The preservation of nerve cells in rat neostriatal
slices maintained in vitro: a morphological
study. Brain Res 197(2):341-353
17. Haas HL, Schaerer B, Vosmansky M (1979) A
simple perfusion chamber for the study of ner-
vous tissue slices in vitro. J Neurosci Methods
1(4):323-325
18. Taylor CP, Weber ML, Gaughan CL, Lehning
EJ, LoPachin RM (1999) Oxygen/glucose depri-
vation in hippocampal slices: altered intraneuronal
elemental composition predicts structural and
functional damage. J Neurosci 19(2):619-629
19. Schurr A, Reid KH, Tseng MT, Edmonds HL
Jr (1984) The stability of the hippocampal slice
preparation: an electrophysiological and ultra-
structural analysis. Brain Res 297(2):357-362
20. Kirov SA, Sorra KE, Harris KM (1999) Slices
have more synapses than perfusion-fi xed hip-
pocampus from both young and mature rats.
J Neurosci 19(8):2876-2886
spreading
depolarizations.
Brain
297:3224-3237
7. Yamamoto C, McIlwain H (1966) Electrical
activities in thin sections from the mammalian
brain maintained in chemically-defi ned media
in vitro. J Neurochem 13(12):1333-1343
8. Li CL, McIlwain H (1957) Maintenance of
resting membrane potentials in slices of mam-
malian cerebral cortex and other tissues in vitro.
J Physiol 139(2):178-190
9. Dreier JP, Kleeberg J, Petzold G, Priller J,
Windmuller O, Orzechowski HD et al (2002)
Endothelin-1 potently induces Leao's cortical
spreading depression in vivo in the rat: a model
for an endothelial trigger of migrainous aura?
Brain 125(Pt 1):102-112
10. Dreier JP, Heinemann U (1991) Regional and
time dependent variations of low Mg 2+ induced
epileptiform activity in rat temporal cortex
slices. Exp Brain Res 87(3):581-596
11. Petzold GC, Windmuller O, Haack S, Major S,
Buchheim K, Megow D et al (2005) Increased
Search WWH ::




Custom Search