Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
2.3.4 Sprinkler Irrigation Systems
2.3.4.1 Concept and Features
In sprinkler irrigation, water is delivered through a pressurized pipe network to
sprinklers, nozzles, or jets which spray the water into the air, to fall to the soil
as an artificial “rain” (Fig. 2.4 ) . Sprinkler irrigation can be defined as a pressurized
system, where water is distributed through a network of pipe lines to and in the field
and applied through selected sprinkler heads or water applicators.
The basic components of any sprinkler system are
a water source
a pump (to pressurize the water)
a pipe network (to distribute the water throughout the field)
sprinklers (to spray the water over the ground) and
valves (to control the flow of water)
In addition, flow meters and pressure gauges are sometimes added to monitor
system performance.
The sprinklers, when properly spaced, give a relatively uniform application
of water over the irrigated area. Sprinkler systems are usually (there are some
(a)
Fig. 2.4 Sprinkler system
( a )viewofasprinklerand
( b ) sprinklers irrigating a
field
(b)
 
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