Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
pump selection, and procedure for selecting a pump have been described in this
chapter.
12.1 Classification of Water-Lifting Devices
According to power sources, water-lifting devices can be classified as
(a) Human-powered devices
(b) Animal-powered devices
(c) Kinetic energy powered devices
(d) Mechanically powered devices.
Mechanically powered devices are usually termed as pumps.
12.1.1 Human-Powered Devices
Man has a limited physical power output, which may be in the range of 0.08-0.1 hp.
This power can be used to lift water from shallow depths for irrigation. The common
man-powered devices are
(i) Swing basket
(ii) Don
(iii) Archimedean screw
(iv) Paddle wheel
(v) Counterpoise lift
12.1.1.1 Swing Basket
The device consists of a basket made from the cheap materials like bamboo strips,
leather, or iron sheet to which four ropes are attached. Two persons hold the basket
facing toward each others, dip the basket in water source, and by swinging, the
basket is lifted and filled in water course from where the water flows to the fields.
The device is useful up to a depth of 0.5 m and discharge may vary from 3,500 to
5,000 l/h.
12.1.1.2 Don
The don consists of a trough made from wooden log or iron sheet, closed at one
end and open at the other. The open end of the trough is connected to a hinged pole
with a counter weight through rope. For operation, the trough is lowered by exerting
pressure on it by pulling the rope and also by foot of the operator till the closed
end is submerged in water. Upon releasing pressure the trough comes to its original
position due to action of counter weight along with water. Water can be lifted from
this device from a depth of 0.8-1.2 m.
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