Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
3.2.9 General Guidelines for Border
The unit flow rate, border length, width, and cutoff time should be selected such that
the application efficiency, water storage efficiency, and distribution uniformity are
maximized or optimal (higher than the prescribed threshold lower limit). In addition,
the system needs to monitor or evaluate on a regular basis.
Typical border parameters for different soil types and slopes are given in
Depth applied
(mm)
Border width
(m)
Border length
(m)
Soil type
Slope (%)
Flow rate (l/s)
Coarse
0.25
50
15
150
240
100
15
250
210
1.0
50
12
100
80
100
12
150
70
Medium
0.25
50
15
250
210
100
15
400
180
1.0
50
12
150
70
100
12
300
70
Fine
0.25
50
15
400
120
100
15
400
70
1.0
50
12
400
70
100
12
400
35
3.3 Basin Irrigation Design
In the basin, water is applied in such a way that it covers the basin relatively quickly.
Check bands/dikes around the field keep the water within the basin until all the
water infiltrates. Thus, the water remains in all parts of the basin for about the same
duration with only minor differences.
Mainly two types of basin layouts are practiced worldwide: closed single
basins (with or without outflow or runoff), and multiple basin layouts which are
sequentially connected through inter-basin flow.
3.3.1 Factors Affecting Basin Performance and Design
The shape and size of basins are mainly determined by the land slope, soil type,
available stream size (the water flow to the basin), required depth of irrigation
application, and farming practices.
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