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government had allocated RM40 million and
another RM10 million under the Second Stimulus
package to upgrade the facilities and infrastructure
of all the villages participating in the homestay pro-
gram (Pusiran & Xiao, 2013). Apart from that, in
2008 the Ministry of Rural and Regional Develop-
ment had spent another RM6.7 million to improve
the infrastructure of rural communities.
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2.4.7
The ecological conditions
Previous studies have found that tourists' experi-
ences to nature-based attractions such as home-
stay are influenced by the perceived quality of the
primary interest at a destination's features (Deng,
King & Bauer, 2002). For example like reef tour-
ism, tourists are less likely to return to a destination
after reef degradation or coral bleaching (Kragt,
Roebeling & Ruijs, 2009; Uyarra et al., 2005). Simi-
larly, tourists would most likely not return to the
same homestay destination if the environment is
affected by soil erosion, increased pollution, natu-
ral habitat loss, increased pressure on endangered
species and such. Therefore, the whole environ-
ment and surroundings of the homestay is poten-
tially essential in the community's aptitude to be
resilient to shocks. Notably, although visitors to
homestays are able to detect some levels of natural
degradation at the destination, there is variation in
the precision of their perceptions.
3 CONCLUSION
It can be concluded that the community-based
homestay tourism sector is highly vulnerable. The
way the whole community plays their part in the
growth of an area is vital to develop a tourist des-
tination. The ability to bounce back from negative
experiences may reflect the essential qualities of
individuals or the result of learning and experi-
ence. Regardless of the origin of resilience, there
is evidence to suggest that it can be developed and
enhanced to promote greater wellbeing. To make
sure that the community based tourism truly ben-
efits everyone, it is crucial for the stakeholder to
address the community capacity building. Areas
that could benefit from this research includes pro-
fessional in the fields of tourism development,
tourism planning, community planning, commu-
nity development, infrastructure planning, eco-
nomic development, public policy, social welfare
policy, and emergency services planning.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This research is funded by Universiti Teknologi
MARA through Research Acculturation Grant
600-RMI/RAGS 5/3 (128/2012).
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