Engineering Know-How: Lessons from Earthquakes and Rules for Seismic Design - Dynamic Behavior of Concrete and Seismic Engineering - page 334

proportional to the inverse of its buckling length squared, therefore stirrup spacing is
the main parameter controlling the phenomenon (see section 9.6.5.2).

Figure 9.11. Rupture of a column due to shear load

Ph °12

Figure 9.12. Rupture of a column due to buckling of longitudinal reinforcement

9.2.3. Problems linked to construction layout

Figure 9.13 shows a failure diagram for one of the reinforced concrete walls used
in the CAMUS 1 experiment. In this non-ductile wall, the reinforcements are laid
out so that cracking and deformation are distributed throughout the wall height,
unlike the situation in ductile walls, where the strain is mainly due to the rotation of
a plastic hinge at the base (see section 9.6.4.1).

In this case, longitudinal reinforcement failure occurs within an inclined crack
located on the second level and is initiated within the bar stopper section. Actually,