Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Evidence Rating
a
Taxa
Frequent, Common
Name(s)
Reports
(Cases)
Reported Effects {Comments}
Reference
Mastigodryas
spp.
Central and South
American tropical racers (common
names according to individual taxa;
approximately nine species)
1 (27)
Er, L, P {Reported as part of a retrospective
review (see text), original case documentation
unavailable, and species identification/
verification are unknown. These are included
due to a paucity of data regarding this genus.
Majority of reported signs was L (44.5%)}
Salomão et al. (2003)
C/D
Natrix natrix
European grass snake;
ringelnatter
2 (2)
L, “Muscle contractions,” P (“tenderness”),
PA, “dilated pupils,” “weakness” {The case
reported by Gardner-Thorpe (1967) was noted
in a newspaper account (
Daily Express
July 21,
1967). Reid (1967) commented on the account
of this bite inflicted by an initially unidentified
snake and the related process of assessing a snake
bite as well as the potential use of antivenom.
One of the clinicians involved in managing
the case, Gardner-Thorpe, responded with a
published comment and opined that the dilated
pupils and weakness reportedly observed in the
afflicted patient were “not caused by fear alone,”
thus suggesting that the symptoms/signs resulted
at least partly from the bite. In a brief report,
Satora (2004) described a 17-year-old male bitten
on the lower L leg by a
N. natrix
in Poland. The
identity of the snake was not independently
verified, and was only identified by the victim
Gardner-Thorpe (1967);
Satora (2004)
D
