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(A)
(B)
Plate 4.80 (A and B) Common black racer ( Coluber constrictor ), Virginia, USA. Fast,
alert, and often quick to bite when caught, these diurnal colubrine snakes typically inflict
medically insignificant bites (see text).
(A) Coluber constrictor , adult.
(B) Coluber constrictor , juvenile . Juvenile specimens of C. constrictor may be mistaken for
juvenile Crotalus spp. or Agkistrodon spp., especially as these snakes often beat or vibrate
their tails in dead leaves when approached, and this can contribute to their misidentification.
Photos copyright to John White.
whip snake)], either personally experienced or observed by some of the authors, con-
sisted of insignificant puncture wounds, lacerations, brief bleeding, and slight pain/
erythema.
In contrast, a Hierophis viridiflavus (green whipsnake; Plate 4.16A-D) bite
resulted in an ICU admission that was probably attributable to the patient's alcoholic
intoxication ( Table 4.1 ). This case is briefly considered in Section 4.4.
4.2.5.1 Overview of the Duvernoy's Gland and Associated Dentition of
Hemorrhois spp., Platyceps spp., Hierophis spp., and Coluber spp.
In several anesthetized living specimens of Coluber spp. [ C. constrictor ( n 4),
C. rubriceps ( n 2), and C. mormon ( n 2)] there were no grooves in the posterior
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