Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
11.3.2
Aerated Static Pile
Primary composting made by biodegradation organic material system without any
physical manipulation refers to as aerated static pile (ASP). Whereas, blended mix-
ture which provide controlled aeration is usually placed on perforated piping and
it may be found in windrows or in closed, open or covered containers. Although
the technique may range from very small to very larger, capital intensive industrial
installation but aerated system is generally used through professionally handled
composting facilities.
The ASP proposed for speedy biodegradation and having good facilities for wet
material and larger quantity of feed stocks. The ASP has capability to work under
roof or open-air windrow composting operations and some time also refer to tunnel
composting or totally enclosed in-vessel composting.
11.3.2.1
Aeration
In order to accelerate decomposition process in compost heap, as well as to resolve
various compost problems, it is imperative to turn and aerate the compost on regular
basis. The pile requires a cyclic influx of O
2
. The anaerobic state means slow-mov-
ing decomposition, lesser temperatures and potential odor problem with the pile.
11.3.2.2
Aeration System for a Closed Chamber Composting Facility
The aeration scheme utilizes fans to advance or drag air over the composting pile.
Inflexible or flexile punched piping, linked with fans, bring the air. The pipes can
be mounted in channels, on apex of a level, or integrated right through the mass
through buildup. In large-scale systems, compulsory ventilation go together with
a mechanized supervision accountable for controlling the pace and timetable of air
release to the composting heap, while meters and physical monitoring practice may
also be used in smaller scale process.
This composting method is beneficial for maintaining the proper moisturizing
and oxygen level for microbial population and help to reduce the pathogens. Further
this method also used for bio-filters to treat process air and tone down odors prior
to venting (Hickman and Lanier
1999
) (Fig.
11.4
).
11.3.2.3
Windrow Composting
Compost production through piling wastes of animal and plant remains in lengthy
rows is known as windrow composting in agriculture. These rows are usually turned
to get better porosity and oxygen content, along with redistribute cooler and hotter
