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Fig. 13.1 Offi cial map of ILTER sites as of May 2014 (Based on a screenshot from: http://data.
lter-europe.net/deims/site-description-map , with latitudes overlaid from Rozzi et al. ( 2012 ) )
distribution of ILTER sites. Rozzi et al. ( 2012 ) found a marked Northern
Hemispherism: of the 543 ILTER sites distributed in 44 countries, 509 sites (93.7 %)
are located in the Northern Hemisphere, while only 34 sites (6.3 %) are located in
the Southern Hemisphere. Figure 13.1 shows that the majority of ILTER sites are
concentrated in:
(a) the Northern Hemisphere, and
(b) within relatively small terrestrial areas of the Northern Hemisphere, mostly in
Europe, and Japan.
Regarding the thematic distribution of research conducted at ILTER sites, Rozzi
et al. ( 2012 ) stated that most research was purely ecological, and when it was socio-
ecological it focused on socio-economic themes. They cautioned that this economi-
cism was problematic because it left out aesthetic, ethical and multicultural that core
attributes of socio-ecological systems.
In order to quantitatively assess thematic and geographical distributions of
ILTER publications, this chapter draws on a newly compiled bibliography of
research outputs from the International Long-Term Ecological Research (ILTER)
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