Basic Information - Genetics, Genomics and Breeding of Crop Plants - page 39

acid, a fivefold increase, and mutant line CAS-3 contained 260 g/kg, a five-
fold increase compared to the non-treated line.
High palmitic acid concentration, up to 400 g/kg, was obtained using
-ray irradiation on dry achenes (Ivanov et al. 1988). Fernández-Martínez et
al. (1997) X-rayed dry achenes of high-oleic line BSD-42-3, producing line
CAS-12, having 300 g/kg palmitic acid, but at the expense of the oleic acid
concentration which was reduced from 880 to 560 g/kg.
Miller and Vick (1999) used N -nitroso- N -methylurea and ethyl
methanesulfonate to produce three sunflower lines with reduced palmitic
and stearic acids, RHA 274 LP-1, a low palmitic line with 47 g/kg, and two
low stearic lines, HA 821 LS-1 and RHA 274 LS-2, with 41 and 20 g/kg,
respectively. Using the same two chemical mutagens, Miller and Vick (2004)
produced high-oleic line HA 435 with 856 g/kg of oleic acid.
1.5.8 Genetic Stocks
There are 50 sunflower genetic stocks registered by the Crop Science Society
of America, Madison, WI, USA. The first of these is a tetraploid (4 x ) of
“Peredovik 21” (Jan 1992a). There are also four nuclear male sterile lines of
HA 89 created by chemical mutation (Jan 1992b). Two other nuclear male
sterile lines with markers for sterile and fertile plants were developed by
Miller (1997). A series of altered saturated fatty acid genetic stocks developed
by Miller and Vick (1999) contain low palmitic and low stearic acids in
RHA 274, HA 821 and HA 382 backgrounds. Mid-range oleic acid (650 g/
kg) lines have also been developed (Miller and Vick 2002). Three other genetic
stocks lines with reduced palmitic and stearic fatty acids have been
developed (Vick et al. 2003, 2007). A series of herbicide-resistant genetic
stocks have been developed. They include four genetic stocks having
resistance to imazethapyr and imazamox (Miller and Al-Khatib 2002), and
two sulfonylurea (tribenuron) tolerant stocks, SURES-1 and SURES-2 (Miller
and Al-Khatib 2004). A dwarf parental line (Dw 271) near-isogenic to RHA
271 (about half the height of RHA 271) has also been developed and a dwarf
parental line (Dw HA 89) near-isogenic to HA 89 (about one-third the height
of HA 89) has been developed by Velasco et al. (2003). Miller et al. (2006)
released three low cadmium confectionery lines, HA 448, HA 449, and RHA
450. Jan and Gulya (2006) released three genetic stocks with sunflower
mosaic virus resistance, SuMV-1, SuMV-2, and SuMV-3. Two new
cytoplasmic male sterile lines derived from wild H. annuus and eight
complementary fertility restoration genetic stocks have been developed by
Jan (2006). Jan et al. (2006b) also released one new cytoplasmic male sterile
genetic stock, RIGX-HA 89, selected from wild perennial species, H.
pauciflorus ( rigidus ), and a corresponding fertility restoration line, Rf RIGX-
Luch. A mutant seedling from an interspecific cross bearing three cotyledons