Genetic Linkage Maps: Strategies, Resources and Achievements - Genetics, Genomics and Breeding of Crop Plants - page 108

of both sequence-based markers and phenotypic variations and will be used
to locate not only the genes coding for proteins to produce a specific
phenotype, but also the controlling element such as transcription factors
that turn the genes on and off in response to environment changes.
The third challenge is the application of the mapping achievement to
sunflower improvement, the ultimate goal of genome mapping. For
sunflower, the breeding goal is the profitable and sustainable production of
the crop with improved quality to satisfy consumers. Marker-assisted
selection, which has been a proven and useful tool for increasing the breeding
efficiency for other crop plants, will expedite the process of producing
cultivars with resistance to multiple diseases and insects, with superior
horticultural performance, and with widely optimized chemical components
to meet the needs of end-users. Achieving this goal will strongly rely on the
close interaction between public research and commercial breeders to
integrate modern genomics tools with traditional breeding techniques.
References
Akkaya MS, Bhagwat AA, Cregan PB (1992) Length polymorphism of simple sequence
repeat DNA in soybean. Genetics 132: 1131-1139.
Al-Chaarani GR, Roustaee A, Gentzbittel L, Mokrani L, Barrault G, Dechamp-Guillaume
G, Sarrafi A (2002) A QTL analysis of sunflower partial resistance to downy mildew
( Plasmopara halstedii ) and black stem ( Phoma macdonaldii ) by the use of recombinant
inbred lines (RILs). Theor Appl Genet 104: 490-496.
Anisimova IN, Georgieva-Todorova J, Vassileva R (1993) Variability of helianthinin, the
major seed globulin in the genus Helianthus L. Helia 16: 49-58.
Anisimova IN, Fido RJ, Tatham AS, Shewry PR (1995) Genotypic variation and
polymorphism of 2S albumins of sunflower. Euphytica 83: 15-23.
Anisimova IN, Gavrilova V, Loskutov A, Tolmachev V (1996) Identification of gene loci
encoding for 11S globulin of sunflower seed. Proc 14th Int Sunflower Conf, Beijing,
Shenyang, China, pp 1167-1170.
Ayres NM, McClung AM, Larkin PD, Bligh HFJ, Jones CA, Park WD (1997) Microsatellites
and a single nucleotide polymorphism differentiate apparent amylose classes in an
extended pedigree of US rice germplasm. Theor Appl Genet 94: 773 - 781.
Becker J, Heun M (1995) Barley microsatellites: allele variation and mapping. Plant Mol
Biol 27: 835 - 845.
Berry ST, León AJ, Hanfrey CC, Challis P, Burkholz A, Barnes SR, Rufener GK, Lee M,
Caligari PDS (1995) Molecular marker analysis of Helianthus annuus L. 2.
Construction of an RFLP linkage map for cultivated sunflower. Theor Appl Genet
91: 195-199.
Berry ST, Leon AJ, Challis P, Livini C, Jones R, Hanfrey CC, Griffiths S, Roberts A (1996)
Construction of a high density, composite RFLP linkage map for cultivated sunflower
( Helianthus annuus L.). Proc 14th Int Sunflower Conf, Beijing/Shenyang, China,
vol 2, pp 1155-1160.
Berry ST, León AJ, Peerbolte R, Challis P, Livini C, Jones R, Feingold S (1997) Presentation
of the Advanta sunflower RFLP linkage map for public research. Proc 19th Sunflower
Res Workshop, Fargo, ND, USA, pp 113-118.
Bert PF, D Tourvieille de Labrouhe, J Philippon, S Mouzeyar, I Jouan, P Nicolas, and F
Vear. (2001) Identification of a second linkage group carrying genes controlling