Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
Note
In the late 1980s, I did an informal survey of books and journal art-
icles on hacking and on defenses against hacking. The number of
pages of hacking material outnumbered the number of pages of de-
fensive materials by more than seven to one.
Preparing Defenses
As a result of widely reported attacks on computers and software, defensive an-
tivirus programs began to enter the commercial market. There are many of these
today, but Table 12.1 shows some of the earlier ones.
Table 12.1 Arrival of the Antivirus Subindustry
There are other antivirus and antimalware products besides the ones shown in
the table. Readers are urged to seek out reviews of antivirus products and acquire
one, then keep it updated with the latest threat information.
In 1988, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) created a
cybercrime response unit. This unit is called the Computer Emergency Readiness
Team (CERT), and it operates with the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) on the
campus of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. CERT carries
out a number of research programs in cybersecurity.
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