Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
attack buds and young leaves. Most larvae are
fully grown in late May or June. They then pu-
pate in spun leaves and adults emerge several
weeks later.
DESCRIPTION
Adult female
20-28 mm wingspan;
forewings
purplish-ochreous, with darker reticulated mark-
ings and with a dark apical spot;
hindwings
brownish-grey.
Adult male
19-23 mm wing-
span;
forewings
purplish-ochreous to dark
purplish, with bluish, yellow and dark chestnut-
brown marking;
hindwings
grey, orange-tinged
apically
(Plate 12a). Larva
up to 22 mm long;
body
green to greyish-green;
pinacula
pale
greenish;
head
brown;
prothoracicplate
chestnut-
brown with dark markings and a pale anterior
margin;
anal plate
green or grey
(Plate
12b). Young larva
yellowish;
head
black.
Fig. 286
Male carnation tortrix moth,
Cacoecimorpha pronubana
(x6).
brown;
hindwings
mainly orange.
Adult male
12-17 mm wingspan;
forewings
orange-brown,
with reddish-brown and blackish markings;
hindwings
orange with a blackish border
(Fig.
286). Larva
up to 20 mm long;
body
olive-green
to bright green;
pinacula
pale green but incon-
spicuous;
head
yellowish-green or yellowish-
brown, marked with dark brown;
prothoracic
plate and anal plate
green, marked with dark
brown;
anal
comb green, often with six teeth.
Pupa
9-12 mm long, brownish-black to black;
cremaster
long, tapered with eight strong spines
(Fig. 283b).
Cacoecimorpha pronubana
(Hiibner)
Carnation tortrix moth
This species is extremely polyphagous and at-
tacks a wide range of crops, including maize,
raspberry, strawberry and many ornamentals.
The larvae attack buds, leaves, flowers and fruits,
and can be very damaging. The pest is of African
origin and, in northern Europe, is most harmful
on protected crops.
Clepsis spectrana
(Treitschke)
Straw-coloured tortrix moth
BIOLOGY
All stages of this pest may be found throughout
the year. However, it tends to occur in two main
generations, with adults flying in sunny weather
from May to June and from August to Septem-
ber. Eggs are laid on leaves in large, green, scale-
like batches. They hatch 2-3 weeks later. The
larvae feed voraciously, often sheltering in spun
leaves, but the rate of development varies con-
siderably depending on temperature. Pupation
occurs in a folded leaf or amongst other shelter,
and adults emerge shortly afterwards. Outdoors,
this species usually overwinters as small larvae.
This widespread moth is a pest of various glass-
house plants; infestations also occur on various
outdoor crops, including black currant, rhubarb
and strawberry. The larvae cause considerable
leaf damage, especially to the younger shoots,
and also attack buds and flowers.
BIOLOGY
Moths occur in two main generations, from June
to July and from August to September. Eggs are
deposited in small groups on the leaves of host
plants and they hatch 2-3 weeks later. Larvae
inhabit webbed leaves and may also spin the pet-
als of flowers together to form shelters. When
DESCRIPTION
Adult female
18-22 mm wingspan;
forewings
pale orange-brown, reticulated with darker