Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
3. Family SMINTHURIDAE
(p. 88
et seq.)
EXAMPLES:
Bourletiella hortensis
(garden
springtail);
Sminthurus viridis
(lucerne-flea).
Antennae long, never shorter than head, and
typically geniculate between the third and fourth
segments; ocelli present.
ORDER SALTATORIA (CRICKETS, GRASSHOPPERS, ETC.)
Medium-sized to large, stout-bodied insects;
head large, and usually hypognathous, with
chewing mouthparts; compound eyes large;
pronotum large and saddle-like; usually two
pairs of wings, the forewings typically thick-
ened (leathery) and called tegmina; either or
both pairs of wings may be reduced (=
brachypterous) or absent (= apterous); tarsi
usually 3- or 4-segmented; hindlegs usually
much enlarged and adapted for jumping; cerci
1-segmented.
2. Family GRYLLIDAE (true crickets)
Relatively broad-bodied, with a tympanal organ
located on each front femur; antennae longer
than body; forewings relatively short and held
mainly horizontally when in repose.
EXAMPLE:
Acheta domesticus
(house cricket).
Superfamily
TETTIGONIOIDEA
Metamorphosis
incomplete;
(bush-crickets)
development
includes
egg
and
nymphal
Tarsi 4-segmented; wings often reduced; cerci
short, those of males curved upwards; ovipositor
broad and robust
(Fig.
17); males stridulate by
rubbing the forewings together; tympanal or-
gans, when present, located on the fore tibiae.
Mainly tropical and of little or no economic im-
portance in northern Europe.
stages.
Suborder ENSIFERA (crickets)
Antennae many-segmented, often longer than
body; tarsi 3- or 4-segmented; ovipositor, if
present, usually elongate.
Superfamily
GRYLLOIDEA
Tarsi 3-segmented; ovipositor usually needle-
like; cerci long; males stridulate by rubbing the
forewings together.
1. Family GRYLLOTALPIDAE
(mole crickets)
Robust-bodied, with forelegs greatly enlarged
and modified for digging
(Fig.
16); antennae
shorter than body; eyes reduced; ovipositor
vestigial.
EXAMPLE:
Gryllotalpa
gryllotalpa
(mole
Fig.
16 Foreleg of a mole cricket - family
Gryllotalpidae.
cricket).
