Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
current extent of urban freight data collection, methodologies used, and gaps in
freight data that have been identified. After that, we identify the range of urban
freight data currently collected in each country including the most useful and
innovative data collection exercises, then we introduce a set of urban freight
transport indicators used in the countries surveyed. The final section provides
conclusions and recommendations for future urban freight data collection based on
the findings of the survey work. This includes consideration of important gaps in the
data, and the methodologies and approaches used in collecting the data.
2 National Reviews of Freight Data Collection
Reviews of freight data collection have taken place in a few of the countries
surveyed, as well as in other countries outside the European Union. Such reviews
are typically used to establish what data is being collected, why and how it is being
collected, and the extent to which the data being collected meets the data
requirements in terms of factors such as supporting freight policy decision-making
and freight modelling. However, where such reviews have taken place, they tend
to be concerned with freight data at a national level, rather than specifically at an
urban level.
In Germany, an inventory of all data collected that concerned commercial
traffic was carried out between 1997 and 2000 by a special research team on behalf
of the German Ministry of Transport (BESTUFS 2003 ). The objective was to
review the available data on commercial traffic to identify possible extensions to
existing data collections and also to produce recommendations to overcome pos-
sible deficits in the existing data collected. In the UK, the Department for
Transport commissioned ''The Review of Freight Modelling Project'' which took
place between 2001 and 2003 (WSP 2002 ). This project considered data
requirements and data sources currently available in UK for freight modelling
purposes. Much of the review was at the national and regional scales, but urban
scale was considered. Work by the University of Westminster for Transport for
London (TfL) has reviewed freight data sources for London (Browne et al. 2004 ).
In France, a review carried out on behalf of the French Ministry of Transport in
1994 concluded that there was a major lack of urban freight data collection
(Ambrosini and Routhier 2004 ) and that more adapted survey methods needed to
be developed (Ambrosini et al. 2010 ). Similar considerations were made in Italy
by the Emilia Romagna Region, where existing data collection methods were
examined in the early 2000s (Rosini 2005 ; Spinedi et al. 2008 ).
In the USA, a review was carried out by the US Transportation Research Board
(TRB) into national freight data in 2003 (TRB 2003 ). A scoping study was
recently completed in Australia on freight data issues. Again, the consideration
were focused on national rather than urban freight data (Austroads 2006 ). A brief
review of urban freight data in member countries took place as part of the OECD
report on urban freight transport in 2003 (OECD 2003 ). The BESTUFS project has
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