Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
The CBA will be made on a 10-year horizon, which is enough long to ensure a
return of investment and enough short to not need a strong technology change or
replacement during the operation period. We also assume the level of operating
costs and revenues as constant over this period. The discount rate is assumed to be
the French public one, i.e. 4 %. This rate varies from one country to another, and
can be updated (as well as personnel costs and VAT) when adapting the scenario
assessment to cities of one precise country. Moreover, we define a target internal
return rate (IRR) of 15 % for the private company and 4 % for the public entity.
Last but not least, we assume that invested money is available by each investor, so
no hypotheses on how the money is obtained are made.
4.2 Context, Scenario Characteristics and Assumptions
When assessing a scenario, for a CBA or other forecasting analyses, it is important
to explain well the context and the input variables by defining all the parameters
and setting the various assumptions that allow building the scenario. In this section
we present the main characteristics of the scenario that will simulate the deploy-
ment of a DSB service in the virtual city as well as the assumptions that have been
made.
First, we aim to make a quick synthesis of how a DSB system works. Such
system is installed into a surface parking machine which is located next to the
delivery space that can be booked. The user that aims to topic has to be registered
and have an identification card that needs to be introduced in the machine each
time the vehicle is stopped on the delivery space. Two booking alternatives are
proposed: either by internet (both punctual and periodical reservations are
allowed) or directly on the machine is the delivery space is free. When a vehicle is
stopped on the delivery bay, lights on the floor indicate if it is reserved (red) or not
(green). In any case, the vehicle needs to be identified. If the delivery space was
free, the vehicle automatically topics the place. If not, if the introduced card
corresponds to that of the reservation, the lights change colour (to green). If an
unauthorised vehicle is stopped on a reserved delivery space, lights indicate it and
a message is sent to the police station to inform about the irregular situation.
To build a deployment scenario under realistic commercial, tactical and oper-
ational conditions, we suppose that the solution tested in Bilbao has been further
developed and can be applied to existing parking machines in order to allow the
possibility to make private car parking payment (for private parking places around
the DSB) and booking operations for the DSB systems on the same machine. In
that way, existing machines can be used for both private parking and DSB ser-
vices. We suppose that all delivery bays with the DSB technology are deployed in
a central area (about 3.5 km
2
). A total number of 100 DSB will be operational in
5 years, and we assume a total number of users (per year) of 1200 vehicles. We
assume that one user corresponds to one vehicle and then one vehicle uses only
one card. Because the cards can be lost, broken or stolen, we estimate that 15 % of
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