Environmental Engineering Reference
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Direct Effects of City Logistics Measures
and Urban Freight Demand Models
Agostino Nuzzolo and Antonio Comi
Abstract This chapter proposes a general integrated demand modeling system
developed within a simulation system to forecast both internal (transportation cost
variations) and external (variations of pollution, noise and road accidents) direct
effects of city logistics measures. In the first part, the paper considers the shopping
and restocking components of urban freight mobility and the relative actor's
choices that can be influenced by city logistics measures. The road simulation
system is then considered with its various components, and the demand models are
analyzed with particular attention to shopping demand models.
1 Introduction
Urban freight transport (UFT) is a fundamental component of city life. Every day,
people consume and use goods (e.g. food, clothes, furniture, books, cars and
computers) produced throughout the world. Furthermore, freight transport main-
tains a set of core relationships within urban areas since a city is an entity where
production, distribution and consumption activities are located and use limited
land. Therefore, UFT plays an essential role in meeting the needs of citizens but, at
the same time, contributes significantly to unsustainable effects on the environ-
ment, economy and society. Hence a planning process to improve urban attrac-
tiveness and quality of life cannot overlook the role of freight transport, unlike
what happens today where most resources are focused on people transport.
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