Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
(a)
LIPs today
Palaeomagnetic frame
Mantle frame
20
“Planet with no plate tectonics
or true polar wander”
16.7 ± 9.7
10
6.6 ± 7.3
Mantle frame
moving hotspot (120 Ma) &
TPW-corrected palaeomagnetic frame (130-300 Ma)
6.4 ± 6.9
0
SMEAN
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
Kuo
Castle
“CMB” seismic/voting map contours
(b)
50
Columbia River Basalts
Smean1
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
Kyo
Castle
Mantle & TPW-corrected PM
40
Siberian Traps
Alpha Ridge
30
SCLIP
NAIP
20
Panjal
Karroo
10
0
0
50
100
150
200
250
300 Ma
Figure 3.3 (a) Average great circle distance from present-day LIP eruption
centres (
) and reconstructed
LIP locations (two different reference frames: mantle frame and Palaeomagnetic
frame) to the 1% slow SMEAN contour (Becker & Boschi,
2002
), seismic
voting-mapcontoursC1toC5(Lekic
et al
.,
2012
), the 0.96% slow contour in
the Castle
et al
.(
2000
) model and the 0.77% slow contour in the Kuo
et al
.
(
2000
) model. Mean values and the standard deviation for the mantle frame
are listed in
Table 3.2
. (b) Great circle distance as in (a) but here we show
the distance for individual LIPs reconstructed in the mantle frame (see text
for details).
'
Planet with no plate tectonics or true polar wander
”
