Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 9.1
Representative summary of historically most used orbital remote sensing instruments for volcanological observations.
Spatial
resolution/pixel
Nadir repeat
interval
Primary volcanological
utilization
Instrument/platform
Spectral coverage
Pointing
Up to 24
off-nadir
ASTER VNIR/Terra
0.5
0.9 µm;
3 bands plus
stereo band
15 m (daylight)
16 days
Land surface processes;
land use
-
Up to 8.5
off-nadir
ASTER SWIR/Terra
(operational from
January 2000 to
April 2008)
1
2.5 µm
(6 bands)
30 m (day/night)
16 days
Mineral mapping (electronic
transition bands); high
temperature targets (lava
-
flows; summit domes);
cloud detection
Up to 8.5
off-nadir
ASTER TIR/Terra
8
-
12 µm (5 bands)
90 m (day/night)
16 days
Emissivity mapping
(resstrahlen); temperature
and SO
2
detection
MODIS /Terra,
Aura, Aqua
0.4
14.5 µm
(36 bands)
-
250 m (2 bands)
500 m (5 bands)
1 km (29 bands)
1 day
Eruption/hotspot detection;
ash-plume tracking
N/A
OMI/Aura
350
500 nm
13
24 km
footprint (day)
1 day
SO
2
tracking
N/A
-
270
314 nm
-
306
380 nm
-
MISR/Terra
Visible red, green,
blue, near-IR
250
275 m
2
9 days
Aerosol measurements
(ash clouds)
9 view angles
(nadir and 26.1
,
45.6
,60
, 70.5
off-nadir)
-
-
AVHRR/POES/
NPOESS
0.5
12.5 µm; 4, 5,
6 bands
depending on
launch year
1.1 km
Multiple
times per
day
Aerosol tracking (ash clouds)
N/A
-
Geostationary
imagers GOES
(METEOSAT,
MTSAT are similar)
0.5
14 µm
1 km (visible),
4 km (SWIR-
TIR), 8 km
(moisture band)
Quasi-
continuous
Plume tracking
N/A
-
