Physics - Molecular Theory of the Living Cell - page 46

e.g., 1-10, 11-20, 21-30, etc.), a histogram or distribution curve is obtained
(see Figs. 12.24 and 12.25 ) that fits the Planck radiation law-like equation (Ji and
So 2009d). Again this unexpected finding indicates that the enzyme systems
(i.e., transcriptosomes and transcript degrading enzymes to be called
“degradosomes,” a term imported from bacteriology) that regulate the RNA
levels inside the budding yeast exhibit wave-particle duality as symbolized by
the second triangle in Table 2.13 (see Sect. 12.12 for more details). One possible
mechanism of coupling transcriptosomes and degradosomes involves the trans-
formation of the complex vibrational motions of the combined transcriptosomes
and degradosomes into the concentration waves of RNA molecules in the
cytosol through the electronic transitions (also called chemical reactions or
quantum jumps) coincident on the phase synchronization among relevant
waves of protein vibrations. This idea may be referred to as the “bond vibra-
tion/quantum jump/chemical concentration” coupling hypothesis. The same
coupling mechanism is most likely implicated in the single-molecule enzyme
catalysis (see the last column in the second row of Table 2.13 ).
The evidence that the human brain obeys the wave-particle duality is more
direct - the existence of electroencephalograms (EEG) resulting from neuronal
firings or action potentials, the producers of the electromagnetic waves in the brain.
Pribram (2010) proposed a wave-based model of memory, according to which the
brain stores information as holograms resulting from phase-sensitive interactions
among brain waves. A hologram (from Greek holo meaning whole and gram
meaning drawing), unlike photography which records an image as seen from a
single viewpoint, is a record of an object as seen from many viewpoints using
coherent laser beams. Thus, it is here postulated that the brain obeys the
wave-particle duality - the particle aspect of thoughts being identified with the
local biochemical components of the chemical reactions supplying the free energy
needed for thinking processes, and the wave aspect with the global biochemical
network property of the brain as a whole (see the last row in Table 2.13 ).
According to C. S. Peirce (1839-1914), we think in signs. Signs are defined as
any physical or symbolic entities that stand for things other than themselves (see
Sect. 6.2.1 ). Based on the principles of physics, it can be maintained that all signs
possess wave properties (e.g., electromagnetic waves of visible objects, sound
waves of music or speeches). Since all thoughts are accompanied by electromag-
netic waves, it follows that we think in waves which are in turn signs. Therefore, it
may be concluded that modern brain science has amply demonstrated the validity of
Peirce's thesis that we think in signs. Furthermore, signs being waves, human
thoughts must obey the spectral area code , i.e., Eq. 2.55 , which may underlie the
Knowledge Uncertainty Principle to be described in Sect. 5.2.7 .
It was found that the human language (“humanese”) and the cell language
(“cellese”) obey a common set of linguistic (or semiotic) principles (Ji 1997a,
1999b) (see Sect. 6.1.2 ). This finding led me to conjecture that there exists a third
language for which humanese and cellese may be complementary aspects. The
conjectured third language was named the “cosmological language” or “cosmese”