Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Blackbody radiation trajectory
(BRT)
6
4
2
5
2
3
4
0
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
1
-12
-14
log
a
BRE (blackbody radiation-like equation), y = (
a
(Ax + B)
-5
)/(e
b
/(Ax + B)
-1)
Fig. 12.26a The double logarithmic plot of the average values of a and b of the BREs that best fit
the distance data of the TL (RNA level) and TR (transcription rate) trajectories (see Table 12.10A)
of 17-18 metabolic pathways in budding yeast undergoing glucose-galactose shift, including
(1) ATP synthesis, (2) fatty acid synthesis, (3) glycolysis, (4) oxidative phosphorylation, (5) respi-
ration, (6) cell cycle, (7) cell wall biogenesis, (8) DNA repair, (9) DNA replication, (10) meiosis,
(11) mitosis, (12) mRNA splicing, (13) nuclear protein targeting, (14) protein degradation,
(15) protein folding, (16) protein glycosylation, (17) protein processing, (18) signaling, (19)
cytoskeleton, (20) protein folding, (21) protein synthesis, (22) secretion, (23) transcription,
and (24) transport. The means and standard deviations of a and b are given in Table 12.10A.
1=
blackbody radiation;
2=
single-molecule enzyme kinetics
;3=
distances between transcription
rate trajectories
,4=
distances between transcript level trajectories
, and 5 =
protein stability
In general a renormalizable theory is characterized by an RG trajectory in a space
spanned by a definite and fixed number of parameters (i.e., in the 'parameter space'; my
addition).
...
(12.37c)
On pages 223 and 224 of his topic cited above, Huang discusses RG
(renormalization group) trajectories representing QCD (quantum chromodynamics,
the theory of the strong force) and QED (quatum electrodynamic theory, the theory
of the electromagnetic force). The trajectory shown in Fig. 12.26a more closely
resembles the
RG trajectory
of QED than that of QCD. This is most likely because
the predominant force operating in the systems listed in Table 12.10A is the
electromagnetic force
, which is manifested in two extreme forms - the covalent
interactions (i.e., those processes involving electronic transitions; see Fig. 11.28)
and the non-covalent interactions (see Sect. 3.2), located graphically at the begin-
ning and the end, respectively, of the trajectory shown in Fig.
12.26a
.
As already indicated, Points 3 and 4 deviate from the trajectory that passes
through Points 1, 2, and 5. If these deviations are not due to experimental error or
noise but reflect reality as I assume here, this may indicate that Points 3 and 4
