Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
tooltoassessifagivenchangeorstrategy(suchasimprovedproductdesign,
changed processes, or a different packaging of a product) has merit in terms
of sustainable growth. Yet, the metrics needed to make decisions will still
have to be derived from LCA or LCI exercises. It does not replace the value
of a comprehensive LCA in comparing present and envisioned practice but
provides a qualitative, inexpensive, initial means of evaluating changes to a
product or process.
2.5.1 Examples from Plastics Industry
In this section, each of the nine elements in the sustainability matrix will be
defined and illustrated using practical feasible examples from the plastics
industry. In most instances, the examples given have actually been
implemented,sometimesevenataneconomicgaintothebusinessinvolved.
2.5.1.1 Using the Minimum Energy Needed to Manufacture Products
in its operations reduced its energy demand for lighting, water heaters,
and air conditioning in its plants. It also increased energy efficiency in its
molding operation and expanded its recycling efforts. These energy savings
were estimated to reduce their carbon emissions by over 40,000 tons
annually.
In injection molding of plastics, switching over to all-electric molding
machines results in improved energy efficiency, saving as much as 60% of
result from not having to cool the hydraulics in all-electric machines.
Reduced water consumption in electric machines is an added bonus.
Similar energy savings can also be achieved with other processing
equipment such as extrusion or blow molding.
2.5.1.2 Using the Energy Mix with a Minimal Environmental Footprint
The mix of energy used in a manufacturing operation is dictated by
prevailing costs and will therefore change with the location of the plant.
Using mixes of energy that are less polluting from a life cycle perspective is
a valuable sustainable strategy. Switching to renewable energy whenever it
is cost competitive is clearly the best choice.
