Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 1.3
The Use Sectors, Global Reserves, and Production of
Selected Critical Materials
Source: Data compiled from UNEP (2009).
Electrical
and
electronic
E P Ba Cat Reserves
1000 MT
Annual
production
1000 MT
Main uses
Tantalum
X
130
1.4
Capacitors,
carbide tools,
and alloys
Indium
X X
11
0.6
LCD and OLEDs,
alloys, and solder
Ruthenium X
5
0.04
Magnetic (hard
drive) media
Gallium
X X
6.5 (in Zn
ore)
0.08
LEDs, cell phone
displays
Germanium X X
0.45
0.11
Palladium
X
Tellurium
X
21
0.45
Alloys, solar
energy
Cobalt
X
7,000
55.5
Superalloys and
cemented
carbide
Lithium
X
4,100
25
Batteries,
ceramics, and
lubricants
Platinum
X 27
0.20
Cat converters,
jewelry
Palladium
X 26
0.37
Cat converters,
jewelry
Rare earth
oxides
X X 88,000
124
Cat converters,
refineries, and
alloys
Primary sectors of application.
