Notes - Empty Hands, Open Arms - page 196

Turner references Michael Barnett, Eyewitness to a Genocide: The United Nations and Rwanda
(Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2000); Samantha Power, “ A Problem from Hell”: America and
the Age of Genocide (New York: Basic Books, 2004); Linda Melvern, A People Betrayed: The
Role of the West in Rwanda's Genocide (New York: Zed Books, 2000).
106 At the time Zaire note 1: As per Turner and Meditz, “zinc, tin, manganese, gold, tungsten-bear-
ing wolframite, niobium, and tantalum also are found in Zaire. In addition, the Atlantic coast con-
tains important oil reserves, and the country also has some coal deposits.” “Introduction,” in Med-
itz and Merrill, Zaire: A Country Study , xxxv.
note 2: The RPF, furious that the UN proposed no political solution, only a largely ineffective
humanitarian one, prepared for war. The RPA's decision to attack is thoroughly described in Pruni-
er, Africa's World War .
note 3: Mobutu had numerous adversaries by now and was seen as an embarrassment and a
dinosaur on the African continent. He had often harbored and supported the enemies of neighbor-
ing countries. As Jason Stearns writes in Dancing in the Glory of Monsters: “In his Machiavellian
bid to become a regional power broker, Mobutu had come to host over ten different foreign armed
groups on his territory, which angered his neighbors to no end. By 1996, a regional coalition led
by Angola, Uganda, and Rwanda had formed to overthrow Mobutu.”
106 Che Guevara, who had Guevara, The African Dream , 244.

106 Kabila had spent “Laurent Kabila,” Economist , January 18, 2001, http://www.economist.com/

node/481974 .
106 He'd received international attention Brian C. Aronstam, “Out of Africa,” Standford Magazine ,
July/August 1998, http://alumni.stanford.edu/get/page/magazine/article/?article_id=42098 .
106 The primary casualties Gérard Prunier's Africa's World War offers a more in-depth account of
this event, explaining the role and fate of the refugees in the Second Congo War over the course of
a careful, several-hundred-page-long analysis.
107 Kongolo died two years afterward Wrong, In the Footsteps of Mr. Kurtz , 15-16.
107 The economy and infrastructure Peterson and Ammann, Eating Apes , 133. Peterson cites the
word eyama , whereas in Kokolopori people said nyama .

Sally Jewell Coxe

112 They were the remnants “Conflict in Congo,” International Crisis Group, updated January 27,
2011, http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/publication-type/key-issues/country/conflict-in-congo.aspx .
114 One of her assignments Michael Nichols, The Great Apes: Between Two Worlds (Washington,
DC: National Geographic Society, 1993).
114 Fossey then gave up In her contribution to The Great Apes: Between Two Worlds , National
Geographic Society photo editor Mary G. Smith writes:
I discussed this with George Schaller not long ago, and he sent me a review he had written
about one of the numerous topics on Fossey that appeared after her death.
“She made several important new observations on gorilla behavior,” he noted, “including
the discovery of infanticide and the transfer of females out of old-established groups to new
ones.” But, he said, “after her favorite gorilla, Digit, was killed by poachers in 1977, she aban-
doned all pretense of scientific effort. . . . With singular devotion, Dian made the correct choice
for herself: gorilla protection had to take precedence over research. . . . She helped this magni-
ficent ape endure during a critical decade of its history.” (28-29)
115 She worked with him The description of this scene is based on the recollections of Sally Jewell

Coxe.
116 In focusing on attributes

In a PBS interview, Frans de Waal supports this view: