Advances in Seismic Design Methodologies - Earthquake Engineering for Structural Design - page 390

390 Earthquake Engineering for Structural Design

9.2PERFORMANCEBASEDSEISMICDESIGN:
IMPLICATIONOFOWNERS, USERS ANDSOCIETY

9.2.1GenericPerformance-basedEngineering

Generic performance-based engineering creates a process which can be applied in any
aspect of building design. It implies design, evaluation and construction of engineering
facilities, whose performance under common and extreme loads responds to the diverse
needs and objectives of owners, users and society. Following the performance-based
design, the designer has to perform some given activities during the following stages
(Yamawaki et al, 2000):
- To clarify the actual performance demand of the owner through discussion with
him or her ( preliminary design stage) .
- To determine the target performance based on the agreement among them and to
confirm that the results of design satisfy the target ( developed design stage) .
- To confirm the construction as-built performance ( construction supervision stage) .
- To provide support to maintain the as-built performance (maintenance support
stage).
The premise is that the performance levels can be quantified, that performances can
be predicted analytically, and that the cost of the improved performance, requested by
the owner, can be evaluated. The quantification refers to:
- Prediction of hazard for extreme actions produced by earthquakes, tsunamis,
winds, fires, explosions, landslides, etc.
- Prediction of demands , by structural modeling and non-linear analysis.
- Prediction of damage , by studying the component and the structure fragilities, as
well as by estimating the losses.
The performance-based seismic design should follow the procedures developed for
generic performance-based engineering, but it has some distinct features discussed in
the next sections.

9.2.2Performance-basedSeismic DesigninEarthquakeEngineering

By now, it is widely acknowledged that seismic design is not a one-step process with a
single set of criteria for universal level of protection. There is a minimum level of
protection demanded by society in order to safeguard against the structure collapse
which endangers human lives. But, in addition to the life safety, the society has other
responsibilities, including the continuous operation of critical facilities and protection
against excessive damage which may have far-reaching consequences for the society at
local, regional or international level. Moreover, the owners want options for
maximizing the return on their investments and/or for providing life safety protection