Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 6
Niger Delta estuaries
Fig. 7
The Escavos and Forcardos River estuaries
Cross River Estuary
and the Hughes channel branch off. The river is tidal over
almost the entire channel, with salt intrusion reaching New
Calabar junction, a distance of 70 km. Freshwater discharge
into the river system is relatively insignificant. Bonny River
tidal range varies from 1.96 m on mean spring tides to
0.91 m on mean neap tides. Peak ebb and flood current
velocities are 1.6 and 1.0 m/s, respectively, on spring tides
and 1.5 and 0.8 m/s under average tides (Plate 3 ).
The Cross River Estuary (Plate 4 ) encompasses rich habi-
tats such as the mangroves, wetlands, lagoons, beaches, and
mudflat ecosystems around it, as well as maintaining an
exceptionally high level of biological productivity. The
strength of the Cross River deltaic sedimentation is derived
from the Cameroun Mountain. The Cross River estuary is
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