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include contract rent, public-private partnership, user charges and subsidies [52].
Digital copyright purchasing now is an important way for government to solve the
copyright issues in the course of NCIRSP.
3.3
Government Buying for National Digital Library (NDL)
Practice of Government Buying for NDL
The National Digital Library Corp. Ltd. is a high-tech enterprise which belongs to the
National Library of China and serving phase II of the National Library Project, namely
the National Digital Library Project [53].
Relying on special resource and rich collection of China National Library, with the
organization of information across the country and service network, NDL is the largest
digital library in China. It has digital resources both from the museum's own digital
resources, as well as those it obtains from the native digital resources.
Theory of Government buying for NDL
The core of public expenditure management is rational distribution and effective
utilization of public resources and is an effective way of modern government budget
implementation management [54]. NDL as the information provider and culture center
of China is responsible for providing information nationwide. Purchase of digital
copyright is a way to solve this problem.
However, as Wengeng Wang [54] pointed out, the institutional building of the
government procurement system is mainly from the point of view of regulating
procedures of government procurement, promoting fair competition among enterprises,
as well as boosting the combat of corruption and building a clean government.
Producing policy functions of government procurement have been considered, but the
specific conditions of how to implement that is lacking, thus weakening the
government's regulation and control.
From the above three cases, we can see that the Chinese government's participation
in digital copyright licensing is the backbone of the development and prosperity of
China's digital copyright market. At the same time, cultural industry has been merged
into national strategic industry. The overall goal is to solve various problems of digital
copyright with integration of government intervention and market mechanism during
the procedure of digital copyright market formation and to combine that with the
reform of the cultural system so as to promote the development of cultural industry at
the national strategic level.
4
Government Participation in New Technology Environment:
Two Levels
4.1
Government Intervention is always Needed
The copyright history told us that the balance mechanism of interests will be broken
when new information technology appears, and that balancing has been identified as
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