Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 1.3.
Allium species collected or cultivated for food in localized regions (minor crops).
Species name
Region(s) where used
English name
A. altaicum
a
Southern Siberia
Altai onion
A. canadense
a
Cuba
Canada onion
A. consanguinum
a
North-eastern India
A. glaucum
b
Western Siberia
A. hookeri
a
Bhutan, Yunnan, north-
western Thailand
A. kunthii
a
Mexico
A. macrostemon
a
China, Korea, Japan
Chinese or Japanese garlic
A. neapoltanum
a
Central Mexico
Naples garlic
A. nutans
a,c
Western and southern
Siberia, Russia,
Ukraine, Xinjiang
A. obliquum
Western Siberia, Eastern Europe
Oblique onion
A. platyspathum
c
Xinjiang
A. psekemense
Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan,
Kazakhstan
A. ramosum
a,b
wild types
China, western Siberia
Chinese chive or leek
of
A. tuberosum
(see Table 1.1)
A. rotundum
a
Turkey
A. senescens
b,c
Western Siberia, Xinjiang
A. ursinum
a
Central and northern Europe
Ramsons
A. victorialis
a
Caucasus, Japan, Korea,
Long-root onion or
Europe (formerly)
garlic
A. wallichii
a
Eastern Tibet
a
From Fritsch and Friesen (2002).
b
From Cheryomushkina (2005).
c
From Jie
et al.
(2005).
UK and Japan, oil-exporting Middle Eastern countries - e.g. Saudi Arabia - and
countries in the humid tropics - e.g. Malaysia, Sri Lanka and Côte d'Ivoire - are
large net importers of dry bulb onions and garlic. Important dry bulb onion
exporters include India, Argentina, The Netherlands, Spain, Mexico, Turkey,
the USA, Poland, Australia, New Zealand and Chile. India is the world's largest
exporter and supplies pungent bulbs to the Arabian Gulf states and many humid
tropical countries. The Netherlands produces large quantities of long-storing,
spring-sown, pungent onions, which are exported between September and
April, mainly to Germany and the UK. The Netherlands also acts as a marketing
intermediary, both importing and re-exporting onions. Bulbs from the southern
hemisphere, notably Chile, Australia (especially Tasmania) and New Zealand
have an important export market in northern Europe from May to July, when
the previous year's crop in that region has reached the end of its storage life.
