Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLE 1.9
Summary of Pioneering International Programmes and Their Achievements
Country or
Region
Programme
Achievements
Australia
Mandatory Standards
and Labelling
11% reduction in energy consumption of labelled
appliances in 1992; equals approximately 94 GWh
of saved energy or a 1.6% decrease in total
household electricity consumption
Europe
Mandatory Standards
and Labelling
Germany: 16.1% increase in market efficiency
(1993-1996);
Netherlands: 12.6% increase in market efficiency
(1992-1995);
United Kingdom: 7.3% increase in refrigerator/
freezer efficiency (1994-1996)
Philippines
Mandatory Standards
and Labelling
25% increase in average efficiency of all air
conditioners (after first year); energy savings: 6 MW
in demand and 17GWh in consumption
(after first year)
Egypt
Mandatory Standards
and Labelling
10% decrease in refrigerator energy consumption
(after 3 years);
20% decrease in air conditioner energy consumption
(after 3 years)
Thailand
Voluntary Labelling
14% decrease in refrigerator energy consumption
(after 3 years);
energy savings: 65 MW in demand and 643 GWh in
consumption
United States
Mandatory Standards
and Labelling
98% increase in refrigerator efficiency (1972-1988);
more than 3% reduction in U.S. annual residential
consumption from appliances and lighting
equipment
A national standards and labelling programme is defined as a set of ele-
ments that ensure that energy efficiency standards and labelling efforts are
effective, appropriate, strengthened over time and sustained. The building
blocks fall into two categories, technical/policy and process. They include
1. Technical/Policy
a. Accredited testing facilities: Facilities should be internationally
accredited, should be staffed with competent testing personnel
and have the capacity to test models in a timely manner.
b. Appropriate testing procedures: Testing procedures are the
methods by which the energy efficiency level of a product is
deduced. The selected procedures should reasonably reflect a
country's usage patterns and climate. This builds consumer con-
fidence that test results accurately reflect the energy usage one
will experience.
