Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
9
Current Energy Leakages in
Egyptian Bu
ildings
9.1 Examples of Public and Residential Buildings
9.1.1 Building Blocks of a National Standards and Labelling Programme
A national standards and labelling programme is defined as a set of ele-
ments that ensure that energy efficiency standards and labelling efforts are
effective, appropriate, strengthened over time and sustained [1-5]. The build-
ing blocks fall into two categories: technical/policy and process and should
include the following.
9.1.2 Technical/Policy
1. Accredited testing facilities: Facilities should be internationally
accredited and staffed with competent testing personnel; they
should have the capacity to test models in a timely manner.
2. Appropriate testing procedures: Testing procedures are the methods
by which the energy efficiency level of a product is deduced. The
selected procedures should reasonably reflect the usage patterns and
climate particular to a country. This builds consumer confidence that
test results accurately reflect the energy usage he/she will experience.
3. Energy labels: Standards and labels can be established separately
or as complementary programmes. Many types of labelling pro-
grammes exist.
4. Energy efficiency standards can be mandatory or voluntary and
can be based either on maximum energy consumption or minimum
energy efficiency.
5. An energy policy framework that is conducive to energy efficiency is
critical to the longevity of a national standards programme. Supportive
policies include government procurement requirements, voluntary
programmes, incentives to manufacturers, consumer awareness cam-
paigns, demand side management and integrated resource planning.
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